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Diamond jubilee

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Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee service, 22 June 1897
Monument in Krumau am Kamp remembering the 60th anniversary of Emperor Franz Joseph I's enthronement in 1908.

A diamond jubilee celebrates the 60th anniversary of a significant event related to a person (e.g. accession to the throne or wedding, among others)[1] or the 60th anniversary of an institution's founding. The term is also used for 75th anniversaries,[2][3][4] although the human lifespan makes this usage more common for institutions.[5]

Western monarchies

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The Tolsey clock commemorates the diamond jubilee (60 years) of Queen Victoria's reign. The clock says "1837 – 1897". It lies between Market Street and High Street in Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire, England.

George III of the United Kingdom died nine months before his diamond jubilee was due in 1820. The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria celebrated her 60-year reign on 22 June 1897. The Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II was celebrated across the Commonwealth of Nations throughout 2012.[6]

Asian monarchies

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Diamond jubilee window at the College of Engineering, Pune, India

In East Asia, the diamond jubilee coincides with the traditional 60-year sexagenary cycle, which is held in special importance despite not generally being called a "diamond jubilee." Monarchs such as the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors of China and Emperor Hirohito of Japan held celebrations for their 60th year of reign, as did King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand on 10 June 2006.

National governments also mark their 60th anniversary as diamond jubilees, as did the Republic of Korea in 2005 and the People's Republic of China in 2009. In South Asia, the term is also used for certain 100-day anniversaries. In the Indian and Pakistani film industries, a "diamond jubilee" film is a title that has been featured in cinemas for 100 days, and beyond.

African monarchies

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The longest reigning monarch in history, Sobhuza II of Swaziland, celebrated his (60 year) diamond jubilee in 1981, dating from when he gained direct rule. There does not appear to have been any (75 year) diamond jubilee celebration.

List of diamond jubilees

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Monarchs

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Monarch Realm Accession day Commemoration More information
Queen Victoria United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the rest of the British Empire 20 June 1837 22 June 1897[7][8] Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria
Emperor Franz Joseph I Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary 2 December 1848 12 June 1908
Prince Johann II Liechtenstein 12 November 1858 1918
Sultan Ibrahim of Johor Johor 7 September 1895 17 September 1955
King Sobhuza II Swaziland 10 December 1899 1959
Emperor Hirohito Japan 25 December 1926 29 April 1986
King Bhumibol Adulyadej Thailand 9 June 1946 10 June 2006 60th Anniversary Celebrations of Bhumibol Adulyadej's Accession
Queen Elizabeth II United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and New Zealand 6 February 1952 2–5 June 2012 Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II
His Highness Prince Aga Khan IV Nizari Isma'ilism 11 July 1957 11 July 2017 – 11 July 2018

Sovereign states and dependent territories

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Sovereign state or dependent territory Independence day or formation day Commemoration More information
Japan 11 February 660 BC 600 BC
Iran 550 BC 490 BC
San Marino 3 September 301 3 September 361
France 10 August 843 10 August 903
Thailand 1238 1298
Ethiopia 1270 1330
Andorra 8 September 1278 8 September 1338
Switzerland 1 August 1291 1 August 1351
Monaco 8 January 1297 8 January 1357
Spain 20 January 1479 20 January 1539
Sweden 6 June 1523 6 June 1583
Russia 16 January 1547 16 January 1607
Bhutan 1616 1676
Portugal 1 December 1640 1 December 1700
Nepal 25 September 1768 25 September 1828
United States 4 July 1776 4 July 1836
United Kingdom 1 January 1801 1 January 1861
Haiti 1 January 1804 1 January 1864
Serbia 15 February 1804 15 February 1864
Ecuador 10 August 1809 10 August 1869
Colombia 20 July 1810 20 July 1870
Mexico 16 September 1810 16 September 1870
Chile 18 September 1810 18 September 1870
Paraguay 14 May 1811 14 May 1871
Venezuela 5 July 1811 5 July 1871
Luxembourg 9 June 1815 9 June 1875
Argentina 9 July 1816 9 July 1876
Greece 25 March 1821 25 March 1881
Peru 28 July 1821 28 July 1881
Costa Rica 15 September 1821 15 September 1881
El Salvador 15 September 1821 15 September 1881
Guatemala 15 September 1821 15 September 1881
Honduras 15 September 1821 15 September 1881
Nicaragua 15 September 1821 15 September 1881
Brazil 7 September 1822 7 September 1882
Bolivia 6 August 1825 6 August 1885
Uruguay 25 August 1825 25 August 1885
Belgium 21 July 1831 21 July 1891
New Zealand 6 February 1840 6 February 1900
Dominican Republic 27 February 1844 27 February 1904
Liberia 26 July 1847 26 July 1907
Denmark 5 June 1849 5 June 1909
Italy 17 March 1861 17 March 1921
Liechtenstein 15 August 1866 15 August 1926
Canada 1 July 1867 1 July 1926
Cuba 10 October 1868 10 October 1927
Montenegro 13 July 1878 13 July 1938
Qatar 18 December 1878 18 December 1938
Philippines 12 June 1898 12 June 1958
Guam, United States 10 December 1898 10 December 1958
Puerto Rico, United States 10 December 1898 10 December 1958
American Samoa, United States 2 December 1899 2 December 1959
Australia 1 January 1901 1 January 1961
North Macedonia 2 August 1903 2 August 1963
Panama 3 November 1903 3 November 1963
Norway 7 June 1905 7 June 1965
Bulgaria 22 September 1908 22 September 1968
South Africa 31 May 1910 31 May 1970
Mongolia 29 December 1911 29 December 1971
Taiwan 1 January 1912 1 January 1972
Albania 28 November 1912 28 November 1972
Ireland 24 April 1916 24 April 1976
United States Virgin Islands, the United States 31 March 1917 31 March 1977
Finland 6 December 1917 6 December 1977
Lithuania 16 February 1918 16 February 1978
Estonia 24 February 1918 24 February 1978
Georgia 26 May 1918 26 May 1978
Armenia 28 May 1918 28 May 1978
Azerbaijan 28 May 1918 28 May 1978
Czech Republic 28 October 1918 28 October 1978
Slovakia 28 October 1918 28 October 1978
Poland 11 November 1918 11 November 1978
Latvia 18 November 1918 18 November 1978
Romania 1 December 1918 1 December 1978
Ukraine 22 January 1919 22 January 1979
Afghanistan 19 August 1919 19 August 1979
Åland, Finland 7 May 1920 7 May 1980
Vatican City 11 February 1929 11 February 1989
Iraq 3 October 1932 3 October 1992
Lebanon 22 November 1943 22 November 2003
Iceland 17 June 1944 17 June 2004
Belarus 3 July 1944 3 July 2004
North Korea 15 August 1945 15 August 2005
South Korea 15 August 1945 15 August 2005
Indonesia 17 August 1945 17 August 2005
Vietnam 2 September 1945 2 September 2005
Syria 17 April 1946 17 April 2006
Jordan 25 May 1946 25 May 2006
Pakistan 14 August 1947 14 August 2007
India 15 August 1947 15 August 2007
Myanmar 25 January 1948 25 January 2008
Sri Lanka 4 February 1948 4 February 2008
Faroe Islands, Denmark 23 March 1948 23 March 2008
Israel 14 May 1948 14 May 2008
China 1 October 1949 1 October 2009 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China
Libya 24 December 1951 24 December 2011
Egypt 23 July 1952 23 July 2012
Laos 22 October 1953 22 October 2013
Cambodia 9 November 1953 9 November 2013
Morocco 18 November 1955 18 November 2015
Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia 23 November 1955 23 November 2015
Sudan 1 January 1956 1 January 2016
Tunisia 20 March 1956 20 March 2016
Ghana 6 March 1957 6 March 2017
Malaysia 31 August 1957 31 August 2017
Guinea 2 October 1958 2 October 2018
Senegal 4 April 1960 4 April 2020
Togo 27 April 1960 27 April 2020
Somaliland 26 June 1960 26 June 2020
Madagascar 26 June 1960 26 June 2020
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 30 June 1960 30 June 2020
Somalia 1 July 1960 1 July 2020
Benin 1 August 1960 1 August 2020
Niger 3 August 1960 3 August 2020
Burkina Faso 5 August 1960 5 August 2020
Ivory Coast 7 August 1960 7 August 2020
Chad 11 August 1960 11 August 2020
Central African Republic 13 August 1960 13 August 2020
Congo, Republic of the 15 August 1960 15 August 2020
Gabon 17 August 1960 17 August 2020
Mali 22 September 1960 22 September 2020
Cyprus 1 October 1960 1 October 2020
Nigeria 1 October 1960 1 October 2020
Mauritania 28 November 1960 28 November 2020
Kuwait 25 February 1961 25 February 2021
Sierra Leone 27 April 1961 27 April 2021
Tanzania 9 December 1961 9 December 2021
Samoa 1 June 1962 1 June 2022
Burundi 1 July 1962 1 July 2022
Rwanda 1 July 1962 1 July 2022
Algeria 5 July 1962 5 July 2022
Jamaica 6 August 1962 6 August 2022
Trinidad and Tobago 31 August 1962 31 August 2022
Uganda 9 October 1962 9 October 2022
Kenya 12 December 1963 12 December 2023
Malawi 6 July 1964 6 July 2024
Malta 21 September 1964 21 September 2024
Zambia 24 October 1964 24 October 2024
Gambia 18 February 1965 18 February 2025
Maldives 26 July 1965 26 July 2025
Singapore 9 August 1965 9 August 2025
Guyana 26 May 1966 26 May 2026
Botswana 30 September 1966 30 September 2026
Lesotho 4 October 1966 4 October 2026
Barbados 30 November 1966 30 November 2026

Organizations

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Organization Inauguration Commemoration More information
International Olympic Committee 23 June 1894 23 June 1954
BBC 18 October 1922 18 October 1982
Warner Bros. Pictures 4 April 1923 4 April 1983
The Walt Disney Company 16 October 1923 16 October 1983
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer 17 April 1924 17 April 1984
United Nations 24 October 1945 24 October 2005
Disneyland Resort 17 July 1955 17 July 2015
Universal Studios Hollywood 15 July 1964 17 July 2024
Emperor Franz Joseph on the balcony of Schönbrunn Palace on the occasion of his 60th jubilee

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ "Anniversary Celebration History". Hallmark Cards. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  2. ↑ "75th Anniversary Diamond Jubilee". Augusta University. 12 March 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  3. ↑ "ASMP's 75th Anniversary". American Society of Media Photographers. May 2019. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  4. ↑ "NDTA 75th Anniversary Funds Campaign". National Defense Transportation Association. October 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  5. ↑ Rutka, James T. (January 2019). "Impactful publishing: the Journal of Neurosurgery and its diamond anniversary (1944–2019)". Journal of Neurosurgery. 130 (1): 1–8. doi:10.3171/2018.9.JNS182570.
  6. ↑ "Extra bank holiday to mark Jubilee". Press Association. 5 January 2010. Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
  7. ↑ "Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee". The Royal Family. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  8. ↑ "'Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee Scrapbook' website is launched". The Royal Family. 27 October 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
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