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hacer

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ḥacer

Spanish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Old Spanish fazer, from Latin facere.

    The first-person indicative (hago) and present subjunctive forms (haga, hagas, etc.) may have been influenced by Latin agō (compare English gesture), but more likely come from a voicing of intervocalic Latin /k/ after having dropped /i/ (e.g. Latin faciō > [ˈfa.ko] > hago).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    hacer (first-person singular present hago, first-person singular preterite hice, past participle hecho)

    1. (transitive) to do, perform, execute, carry out
      ¿Qué haces?What are you doing?
      No sé que hago.I don't know what I'm doing.
      Prefiero no hacerlo.I prefer not to do it.
      1. (transitive) Forms ad hoc verbs from borrowed nouns.
        hacer(le) una foto a algoto take a picture of something
        hacer(le) click a algo / hacer click en algoto click something
        hacer(le) zoom a algo / hacer zoom en algoto zoom in on something
        hacer skateto skate
        hacer(le) a alguien spoiler(s) de una películato spoil a movie for someone
        hacer(le) bullying a alguiento bully someone
        hacer cosplay de un personajeto cosplay a character
    2. to make
      1. (transitive) to create, to build, to bring forth
        En el principio, Dios hizo los cielos y la tierra.
        In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
        hacer una casabuild a house
        hacer el árbol (de Navidad)put up the (Christmas) tree
      2. (transitive) to write, to compose
        Le gustaba hacer poemas placenteros.She liked to make pleasant poems.
      3. (transitive) to prepare (food)
        Empecemos a hacer el pastel.Let's start making the cake.
    3. (transitive, impersonal, idiomatic) in various expressions about the weather
      hacer fríobe cold (lit. make cold (noun))
      hacer calorbe hot (lit. make heat)
      hacer solbe sunny (lit. make sun)
      hacer vientobe windy (lit. make wind)
      ¡Qué frío hace!It's so cold! (lit. What [a] cold [it] makes!)
      Ayer hacían 40 grados.It was 40 degrees yesterday.
    4. (transitive) to release, to excrete
      hacer pisto pee
      hacer cacato poo
    5. (transitive) to prep, adorn, do (a body part)
      hacerse las uñasto do one's nails
    6. (transitive) to make, to cause to be
      No sabe cómo hacerla feliz.He doesn't know how to make her happy.
    7. (transitive) to make, to cause to
      Lo hiciste llorar / Hiciste que llorara.You made him cry.
    8. (ambitransitive, optionally with de) to play (a character)
      Fulanito hizo de Menganito en la película.
      Fulanito played (the character of) Menganito in the movie.
      • 2020 July 22, “Escenas de amor con maniquíes: la nueva normalidad en los rodajes de Estados Unidos”, in El País[1], Madrid: Ediciones El País, S.L., →ISSN:
        Y ese futuro pos Covid-19 tiene, además de incontables trucos de cámara para que no se note que todos los actores están manteniendo la distancia de seguridad en el plató, unos inesperados protagonistas: dos maniquíes. Uno rescatado del almacén de atrezo de la serie, donde estaba desde que, hace 15 años, hizo de muerto en una escena en un cementerio. El otro es nuevo.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    9. (reflexive, ditransitive, with words that use ser) to become; to get
      Synonyms: volverse, convertirse en
      ¡Hazte vegano!Go vegan!
      Me haré rico.I will get rich.
      Ese niño se hizo todo un hombre.That boy became a real man.
      1. (impersonal, reflexive, ditransitive) used with time
        Se está haciendo tarde.It's getting late.
        Ya se hicieron las doce.It's 12 o'clock now/already.
    10. (reflexive, ambitransitive) to pretend being, play
      hacerse el tontoto pretend to be a fool, play the fool
      hacerse la víctimato play the victim
      Haceos los sofisticados si queréis, en cualquier caso nadie os cree.
      You can pretend to be sophisticated if you want, no one believes you anyway.
    11. (reflexive) to move (over), scoot (over) [with para ‘direction’]
    12. (reflexive, Argentina) ellipsis of hacerse el tonto
      No te hagás: vos sabés lo que hiciste.Don't play the fool, you know what you did.
    13. (reflexive, intransitive with a) to get used to (chiefly in idioms)
      El cuerpo se hace a las fatigas.The body gets used to tiredness.
      El caballo se hace al fuego.A horse gets used to fire (for the Luminarias).

    Usage notes

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    La empresa se hizo muy conocida en los últimos meses. (Es muy conocida.)
    The company became very well-known in the last few months. (It is very well-known.)
    Él se hizo bombero. (Es bombero.)
    He became a firefighter. (He is a firefighter.)
    La canción se convirtió en uno de los mayores éxitos de la historia. (Es uno de los mayores éxitos.)
    The song became one of the biggest hits in history. (It is one of the biggest hits.)
    El fútbol no se volvió muy popular en Estados Unidos. (No es muy popular.)
    Football/soccer didn't become very popular in the United States. (It is not very popular.)
    Mi hermano se volvió doctor. (Es doctor.)
    Mi brother became a doctor. (He is a doctor.)
    El cantante se volvió un loco antivaxxer. (loco is a noun meaning crazy person which uses ser)
    The singer turned into a crazy antivaxxer.
    Mi hija se volvió muy lista a los 10 años. (listo is an adjective with ser)
    My daughter got really smart when she was 10.
    Me quedé calvo. (calvo is an adjective here)I got bald (due to old age, etc.).
    Me puse calvo.I shaved my head.
    Me quedé rojo.
    I turned red/blushed (puts more emphasis on the fact that it's a result of something, practically interchangeable with "me puse rojo").
    Me puse rojo.
    I turned red/blushed. (almost synonymous, could theoretically also be used if you could consciously blush)
    Me quedé contento.I got happy (as a result of that, sounds more like a reaction).
    Me puse contento.I got happy (sounds more voluntary).
    Some adjectives have their own verbs: aburrirse instead of "ponerse aburrido", enojarse instead of "ponerse enojado", etc.
    • Pasar a ser/estar is synonymous with all of these verbs and can in theory be used with any word, but it is more restricted in usage.
    • Hacer, convertir en, poner, and volver can also be used transitively with a sense of "turn something into something else", "make something (adjective)", or "make something do something else".

    Conjugation

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    Derived terms

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    Noun

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    hacer m (plural haceres)

    1. task, action
      Synonyms: quehacer, acción
      Nos quedan muchos haceres.
      We have a lot of tasks left.
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    Further reading

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