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Malindi
Degmo
Tiirka Vasco da Gama iyo Badweynta Hindiya
Tiirka Vasco da Gama iyo Badweynta Hindiya
Malindi is located in Kenya
Malindi
Malindi
Goobta ay kutaal Kenya
Malindi is located in Horn of Africa
Malindi
Malindi
Goobta ay kutaal Geeska Afrika
Malindi is located in Africa
Malindi
Malindi
Goobta ay kutaal Afrika
Isku-duwayaasha: 3°13′25″S 40°7′48″E / 3.22361°S 40.13000°E / -3.22361; 40.13000
Waddan Kenya
IsmaamulKilifi County
La aasaasayQarnigii 13-aad – 14-aad
Dib loo dejiyay1861
Dadka
 (2019)[1]
 • Wadarta
119,859
Aagga waqtigaUTC+3 (EAT)

Malindi (oo taariikhda looga yaqaanay Melinde) waa magaalo ku taal Gacanka Malindi ee afka Webiga Galana, waxayna dhacdaa xeebta Badweynta Hindiya ee dalka Kenya. Waxay 120 kiiloomitir dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan tahay Mombasa. Tirada dadka Malindi waxay ahayd 119,859 tirakoobkii 2019.[1] Waa xarunta magaalo ee ugu weyn Kilifi County.[2]

Guudmar

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Dalxiisku waa warshadaha ugu waaweyn ee Malindi.[3] Goobaha hidaha ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Tiirka Vasco da Gama, Kaniisadda Burtuqiiska, Guriga Tiirarka iyo Matxafka Hidaha ee Malindi.

Malindi waxaa u adeega garoon diyaaradeed oo gudaha ah iyo waddo weyn oo u dhaxaysa Mombasa iyo Lamu. Magaalada Watamu ee u dhow iyo Bur-burka Gedi (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Gede) ayaa dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan Malindi. Afka Webiga Sabaki wuxuu ku yaal waqooyiga Malindi.[4]

Watamu iyo Malindi Marine National Park waxay sameeyaan aag xeeb ah oo la ilaaliyo oo ka bilaabma koonfurta Malindi. Aaggu wuxuu muujinayaa tusaalayaal caadi ah oo ah Dhismaha Sawaaxiliga. Inta badan dadka ku nool Malindi waa Muslimiin.[5]

Malindi waa guriga Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Malindi iyo Broglio Space Center (oo hore u ahaa San Marco Equatorial RangeTemplate:Clarify).[6]

Taariikh

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Sahamiyaha Burtuqiiska Vasco da Gama oo la kulmaya Boqorkii Malindi 1498. Boqortooyada Burtuqiiska waxay xukuntay Malindi intii u dhaxaysay 1500 ilaa 1630.

Malindi waxay u kortay sidii qayb ka mid ah ilbaxnimada soo ifbaxaysa ee Sawaaxiliga intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 5-aad ilaa 10-aad. Beeralay ku hadla luuqadaha Bantu ayaa u soo guuray aagga, halkaas oo ay ka sameeyeen birta, ku dhisteen guryo alwaax iyo qori ah oo lagu saqafay caleemaha timirta, ku hadlay lahjad maxalli ah oo Sawaaxili ah, oo ay ku lug yeesheen ganacsiga gobolka iyo mararka qaarkood ganacsiga fog. Soo noolaynta shabakadaha ganacsiga Badweynta Hindiya dhamaadkii kunka sano ee ugu horeeyay waxay horseeday degsiimooyin waaweyn, korodhka ganacsiga fog, iyo kakanaanta bulshada. Bilowgii qarnigii 11-aad, Sawaaxiliga xeebta ku noolaa waxay u dhaqmayeen sidii dhex-dhexaadiye u dhexeeya Soomaalida, Masar-iyiinta, Nuubiyiinta, Carabta, Faarisiinta, iyo Hindiya. Waxay bilaabeen inay dhistaan magaalooyin deyr leh, guryo coral ah, dadka sareena waxay qaateen Islaamka, iyagoo inta badan ku hadla Carabi.[7]

Boqortooyadii Malindi waxay u muuqataa inay samaysantay qiyaastii qarnigii 9-aad ee miilaadiyada waxayna kortay awood badan labadii qarni ee ka hor inta aan Vasco da Gama keenin Burtuqiiska gumeysiga gobolka, ka dambe wuxuu horseeday hoos u dhaca ilbaxnimada. Magaalada Malindi, oo la aasaasay qiyaastii 850 miilaadiyada, waxay ku tiil meel ka waqooyi badan magaalada casriga ah, waxayna u muuqataa inay burburtay qiyaastii 1000 miilaadiyada. Waxaa jiray calaamado yar oo degitaan ah labadii qarni ee ku xigay, ka dibna soo kabasho iyo barwaaqo ayaa timid 1200-meeyadii.[xigasho u-baahan]

Tixraacii ugu horeeyay ee qoran ee ku saabsan Malindi maanta waxay u badan tahay inay ka timid Abu al-Fida (1273–1331), oo ahaa juqraafi iyo taariikhyahan Kurdi ah. Wuxuu qoray in Malindi ay ku taal dhanka koonfureed ee afka webi ka bilaabma buur boqollaal mayl u jirta. Buurtan waxaa laga yaabaa inay tahay Buurta Kenya, halkaas oo uu ka soo askumo Webiga Galana. Sidaas darteed, Malindi waxay jirtay sidii degsiimo Sawaaxili ah tan iyo ugu yaraan qarnigii 13-aad.[8]

Mar ay kula tartamayso Mombasa oo keliya talada qaybtan Bariga Afrika, Malindi waxay dhaqan ahaan ahayd magaalo deked ah. Sanadkii 1414, magaalada waxaa soo booqday safar uu hoggaaminayay sahamiyaha Shiinaha ee Zheng He. Xukumihii Malindi wuxuu u diray ergay gaar ah oo wata geri hadiyad ahaan Shiinaha safarkaas.[8]

Sahamiyaha Burtuqiiska Vasco da Gama wuxuu la kulmay maamulka Malindi 1498 si uu u saxiixo heshiis ganacsi oo uu u kireysto hage u safra Hindiya, markaas oo uu taagay tiir loo yaqaan maanta Tiirka Vasco da Gama. Vasco da Gama waxaa si diiran u soo dhaweeyay Suldaankii Malindi, taas oo ka duwan soo dhawayntii colka ahayd ee uu kala kulmay Mombasa.[8] Waa goob dalxiis oo caan u ah dalxiisayaasha gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ahba.

Sanadkii 1498, Malindi waxay ahayd magaalo barwaaqo ah oo ay ku nool yihiin inta u dhaxaysa 5,000 iyo 10,000 oo qof. Inta badan dadka waxay ahaayeen Muslimiin xilligan, iyagoo qaatey Islaamka inta badan intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 13-aad iyo 14-aad. Sida magaalooyinka kale ee Sawaaxiliga ee qarniyadii dhexe, dabaqadda xukunta ama wazee waxay ka koobnayd madaxda qoysaska ugu taajirsan. Sida dadka kale ee ku hadla luuqadaha Bantu, madaxdan qabaa'ilka ayaa dooran jiray mwenye mui ama madax ku hadla afka dadka. Burtuqiisku waxay si khaldan ugu yeeri jireen dadkan "Boqoro," iyagoo si khaldan u fahmay dabeecadda ururka siyaasadda Sawaaxiliga. Wazee waxay ku hadli jireen Sawaaxili iyo Carabi, waxayna sheegan jireen asal khuraafaad ah oo ka yimid Bariga, inta badan Faaris.[9]

Ilaha ugu weyn ee barwaaqada Malindi waxay ahayd dhoofinta foolmaroodiga iyo geesaha wiyisha iyo sidoo kale dhoofinta alaabada beeraha sida qumbaha, liinta, masagada iyo bariiska.[8] Sanadihii ka hor imaatinka Burtuqiiska, Malindi waxay ahayd awood goboleed laakiin waxay aad uga dambaysay labada dawladood ee ugu waaweyn, Mombasa iyo Kilwa. Markii, 1499, Burtuqiisku ay ka aasaaseen xarun ganacsi Malindi oo u adeegi jirtay goob nasasho oo ku socota oo ka imanaysa Hindiya, waxaa si weyn u soo dhaweeyay wazee oo doonayay inay isticmaalaan awoodda milatari ee Burtuqiiska si ay naftooda uga dhigaan kuwo ka sarreeya xafiiltankooda Mombasa. Sanadkii 1500, Boqor Dom Manuel I wuxuu u soo bandhigay xaalad vassal Malindi. Malindi waxay taageertay dadaallada guuleystay ee Burtuqiiska ee ku aaddan qabsashada Kilwa iyo Mombasa 1505. Sanadkii 1502, Burtuqiisku waxay ka aasaaseen xarun Malindi, taas oo jirtay ilaa 1593.[10] Hoos u dhaca Kilwa iyo Mombasa ayaa horseeday in Malindi ay barwaaqowdo. Malindi waxay kortay markii Sawaaxili kale, iyo sidoo kale ganacsatada Carabta, Faaris, iyo Hindiya, farsamayaqaannada, badmaaxayaasha, iyo shaqaalaha ay u soo qulquleen magaalada cusub ee awoodda leh.[11]

Malindi waxay sii ahaan jirtay xarunta hawlaha Burtuqiiska ee bariga Afrika ilaa 1593, markii Burtuqiisku ay saldhiggooda ugu weyn u rareen Mombasa.[12] Tani waxay ahayd iyadoo la kaashanayo Segeju iyo Sheekhii Malindi. Sida xulufada ugu weyn ee Burtuqiiska ee Bariga Afrika ee ku teedsan xeebta Sawaaxiliga, Malindi waxay taageertay dadaallada guuleystay ee Burtuqiiska ee ku aaddan qabsashada Kilwa iyo Mombasa. Labada magaalo ee Sawaaxiliga badanaa waxay lahaayeen khilaafyo dhexdooda ah iyagoo u dagaallamaya inay u taliyaan ganacsiga. Dagaalkiisa milatari ee ka dhanka ah Mombasa, Sheekhii Malindi wuxuu la midoobay Burtuqiiska iyo Segeju si ay u qabsadaan magaalada.[13] Sanadkii 1592, Segeju waxay qabsadeen Mombasa, ugu dambayntiina waxay u dhiibeen Sheekhii Malindi. Sheekhu wuxuu markaas u raray maxkamaddiisa Malindi ilaa Mombasa wuxuuna xukumay 1593 ilaa 1630.[14] Waqtigan, wuxuu ku casuumay xulufadiisa, Burtuqiiska, inay dhistaan xarun milatari oo ay ka taliyaan magaalada.

Admiralty Chart No 667 Port Melinda (Malindi) detail

Ka dib markii Burtuqiisku tageen, magaaladu waxay tartiib tartiib hoos ugu dhacday ilaa ay ku dhawaatay inay baaba'do dhamaadkii qarnigii 17-aad. Shaxdii 1823 ee Admiralty ee Boqortooyada Midowday ee 'Melinda' ayaa ku dhawaaqday in waqtigaas aysan jirin 'wax raad ah oo ka mid ah magaaladii mar quruxda badnayd ee Melinda' marka laga reebo Tiirka Vasco da Gama.[15] Sanadkii 1845, Ludwig Krapf wuxuu soo booqday magaalada wuxuuna helay iyadoo ay qarisay dhirta oo aan cidina degnayn.[8] Kaniisad Burtuqiis ah oo leh xabaalo ayaa la dhisay ka hor 1542 markii Francis Xavier uu soo booqday magaalada.[8] Guryo badan oo dhisme Sawaaxili ah ayaa badbaaday, oo ay ku jirto Masaajidka Juma.

Qorshaha Malindi, Abriil 1873

Malindi waxaa dib u aasaasay Suldaan Majid oo ka tirsan Zanzibar 1861 iyo ilaa dhamaadkii qarnigii 19-aad waxay u adeegtay sidii xarun ganacsiga addoonta. Qorshaha magaalada 1873 wuxuu muujinayaa aagga shaqada waqtigaas.[16] Sanadkii 1890, Malindi waxay timid maamulkii Ingiriiska iyo ganacsigii addoonta iyo addoonsigii waa la baabi'iyay. Ficilkani wuxuu horseeday hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid wax soo saarka beeraha. Marka laga reebo beeraha waxaa jiray warshado yar oo Malindi bilowgii qarnigii 20-aad; waxaa ka mid ahaa samaynta roogagga iyo boorsooyinka, burburinta miraha sisinta ee saliidda iyo soo saarista cabitaan Sawaaxili ah oo loo yaqaan tembo. Malindi waxaa si rasmi ah looga dhigay magaalo 1903. Toban sano ka dib dadkeedu waxay marayeen qiyaastii 1148 waxaana ku jiray 843 Afrikaan ah, 230 Carab ah, 67 Aasiyaan ah iyo 8 Yurubiyaan ah.[8][17]

Muuqaal magaaladii hore ee Malindi

Malindi waxay la kulantay kor u kac ganacsi intii u dhaxaysay dhamaadkii Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka iyo 1925, markii ay dhacday macaluul. Dhoofinta dekedaha shisheeye waxay korodhay ilaa £26,000 sannadkii 1924. Yurubiyaanka ayaa bilaabay inay ku soo noqdaan Malindi 1930-meeyadii, iyagoo ka iibsanaya dhul Carabta. Qaar ka mid ah sida Commander Lawford waxay fureen hudheelladii ugu horreeyay, kuwaas oo noqday aasaaska mustaqbalka warshadaha dalxiiska. Intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, Malindi waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah laba magaalo oo Bariga Afrika ah oo ay duqeeyeen Talyaanigu. Tani waxay dhacday 24 Oktoobar 1940, dhacdadan ka dibna ciidamada xulufada ayaa la dhigay magaalada ilaa dhamaadkii dagaalka. Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib Malindi waxay bilowday inay u korto sidii goob dalxiis.[8] Markii Broglio Space Center furmay, qaxooti Talyaani ah ayaa bilaabay inay sameeyaan.[6]

Cimilada

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Malindi waxay leedahay cimilada kuleylaha ee saxaraha qalalan (kala soocidda cimilada Köppen As).

Faahfaahin Cimilada Malindi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present)
Bilaha Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Sanad
Kuleel daran °C (°F) 34.0
(93)		 34.0
(93)		 34.5
(94)		 39.0
(100)		 32.2
(90)		 30.5
(87)		 30.8
(87)		 29.8
(86)		 32.0
(90)		 32.0
(90)		 34.1
(93)		 33.0
(91)		 39.0
(100)
Kuleel aan darnayn °C (°F) 31.0
(88)		 31.4
(89)		 32.3
(90)		 31.7
(89)		 29.4
(85)		 28.5
(83)		 27.8
(82)		 27.9
(82)		 28.6
(83)		 29.8
(86)		 30.7
(87)		 31.3
(88)		 30.03
(86)
Maalinle °C (°F) 27.9
(82)		 28.2
(83)		 29.0
(84)		 28.6
(83)		 26.9
(80)		 26.2
(79)		 25.5
(78)		 25.4
(78)		 26.0
(79)		 27.0
(81)		 27.8
(82)		 28.2
(83)		 27.23
(81)
Hoos udhaca kuleelka °C (°F) 24.5
(76)		 24.5
(76)		 25.4
(78)		 25.4
(78)		 24.3
(76)		 23.8
(75)		 22.9
(73)		 22.8
(73)		 22.9
(73)		 23.5
(74)		 24.2
(76)		 24.6
(76)		 24.07
(75)
Hoos udhac qiyaas leh °C (°F) 20.0
(68)		 19.6
(67)		 21.0
(70)		 20.8
(69)		 21.0
(70)		 19.5
(67)		 18.6
(65)		 17.0
(63)		 17.2
(63)		 19.0
(66)		 19.0
(66)		 21.0
(70)		 17.0
(63)
Roobka mm (Faro) 11 17 36 163 298 154 91 64 47 68 75 35 1,059
Avg. precipitation days 2 2 3 11 17 12 12 9 7 6 6 3 90
Source #1: World Meteorological Organization[18]
Source #2: Meteo Climat[19]

Maamulka maxalliga ah

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Malindi hadda waxay ku jirtaa Ismaamulka Kilifi sida uu dhigayo isbeddelada maamulka ee dastuurka cusub ee la ansixiyay Agoosto 2010. Malindi waxay samaysaa gole degmo oo leh saddex iyo toban xaafadood: Barani, Ganda/Mkaumoto, Gede, Gede North, Gede South, Kijiwetanga, Madunguni, Malimo, Malindi Central, Malindi North, Maweni, Shella, iyo Watamu Town. Dhammaantood waxay ku yaalaan Degmada Doorashada Malindi.[20]

Sawiro

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Dhaqanka caanka ah

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Sheekada "MALI D'AFRICA" (ee Sara Cardelli) waxay sharxaysaa jacayl aan suurtogal ahayn oo ka dhacay Malindi.[21]

Inta badan dhacdooyinka Andrei Gusev's sheekooyinka Once in Malindi (2021)[22] iyo Our Wild Sex in Malindi (2020)[23] waxay ka dhacaan Malindi, Watamu, ama Lamu. Sheekooyinku waxay sharxayaan nolosha jilayaasha (qoraa Ruush ah Andy iyo xaaskiisa Jennifer, oo ku dhalatay Kenya) magaalooyinkan 2010-meeyadii.[24][25]

Heesta "Yasoi Malindi" waxaa qoray Yasoy Kala Kana oo ku saabsan magaalada.[26]

Sidoo kale eeg

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Tixraacyo

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. 1 2 "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units". Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  2. ↑ "Malindi Destination Guide - Kenyan Coastal Resort Town". www.kenyasafari.com. Retrieved 2025-11-05.
  3. ↑ "About Us". Municipality of Malindi. Archived from the original on 24 Bisha Lixaad 2026. Retrieved 22 June 2026. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
  4. ↑ "Top Affordable Places to Visit in Malindi Kenya" (in Ingiriis Maraykan). 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  5. ↑ Oded, Arye (2000). Islam and Politics in Kenya. Lynne Rienner Publishers, p. 11
  6. 1 2 Einashe, Ismail (5 March 2021). "How Kenya's Malindi morphed into 'Little Italy'". BBC. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  7. ↑ Middleton, John (1994). The World of the Swahili. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 1–45.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Martin, Esmond Bradley (2009) [originally published in 1970]. Malindi. Past and Present (New ed.). The National Museum of Kenya.
  9. ↑ Vernet, Thomas (2005). Les Cites-Etats Swahili de L'Archipel de Lamu, 1585–1810. Paris: Universite Paris I. pp. 103–104.
  10. ↑ "The Portuguese Chapel". National Museums of Kenya.
  11. ↑ Vernet, Thomas (2005). Les Cites-Etats Swahili de L'Archipel de Lamu, 1585–1810. Paris: Universite Paris I. pp. 65–97.
  12. ↑ Eric Axelson, Portuguese in South-East Africa 1488-1600 (C. Struik Ltd. 1973), p. 188-197.
  13. ↑ Pouwels, Randall L.; Ogot, B. A. (October 1994). "General History of Africa. Volume 5, Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century". The American Historical Review. 99 (4): 1371. doi:10.2307/2168901. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 2168901.
  14. ↑ Berg, F. J. (January 1968). "The Swahili Community of Mombasa, 1500–1900". The Journal of African History. 9 (1): 35–56. doi:10.1017/s0021853700008343. ISSN 0021-8537. S2CID 162622809.
  15. ↑ 'Admiralty Chart No 667 Port Melinda (Malindi) detail'
  16. ↑ Qorshaha Melinda (Malindi, Kenya), 29 Abriil 1873
  17. ↑ de V. Allen, J. (1973). MARTIN, ESMOND BRADLEY (ed.). "A History of Malindi Invaders". Transafrican Journal of History. 3 (1/2): 158–161. ISSN 0251-0391. JSTOR 24520411.
  18. ↑ "World Weather Information Service – Malindi". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  19. ↑ "Station Malindi" (in Faransiis). Meteo Climat. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  20. ↑ Polling Centres in Kenya Archived Juun 28, 2007 // Wayback Machine Archived 28 Juun 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Electoral Commission of Kenya.
  21. ↑ Jacayl aan suurtogal ahayn oo ka dhacay Malindi ee Talyaaniga Archived 6 Nofeembar 2020 at the Wayback Machine — ku saabsan sheekada Sara Cardelli, 2017.
  22. ↑ "Once in Malindi" Archived 16 Oktoobar 2020 at the Wayback Machine — on Proza.ru, 2021 (in Af Ruush)
  23. ↑ "Our Wild Sex in Malindi" Archived Oktoobar 9, 2020 // Wayback Machine ee Andrei Gusev, 2020 (in Af Ruush) Archived 9 Oktoobar 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ↑ Dib u eegista "Our Wild Sex in Malindi" Archived 4 Agoosto 2020 at the Wayback Machine — on the site of public fund "Union of writers of Moscow", 2020 (in Af Ruush)
  25. ↑ Dib u eegista "Once in Malindi" on the site of public fund "Union of writers of Moscow", 2021 (in Af Ruush)
  26. ↑ Ndukanoe – Yasoi Malindi[xiriiriye dhintay] ee Yasoy Kala Kana, 2015.

Xiriirinta dibadda

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

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