Bolivia
-
![[Spanish War Ensign
(1785-1931)]](/es-1785.gif "[Spanish War
Ensign (1785-1931)]")
- to 17 Aug 1825
-
|
-
![[National flag of Bolivia of
1825-1826]](/bo_1825.gif "[National flag of
Bolivia of 1825-1826]")
- 17 Aug 1825 - 25 Jul
1826 State Flag
-
|
![[Civil flag
of Bolivia of 1825-1826]](/bo_1825c.gif "[Civil flag of Bolivia of
1825-1826]") - 17 Aug 1825 - 25 Jul 1826
Civil Flag
-
|
-
![[Flag
of Bolivia 1826-1831]](/bo_1826.gif "[Flag
of Bolivia 1826-1831]")
- 25 Jul 1826 - 5
Nov 1851
- (Bolivia State in
Peru-Bolivia 1836-1839)
|
-
![[Flag of
the Peru-Bolivia Confederation
1837-1839]](/pbc.gif "[Flag of the
Peru-Bolivia Confederation
1837-1839]")
- 1 May 1837 - 20
Jan 1839
- Peru-Bolivia
Confederation
-
|
-
![[Flag of
Bolivia]](/bo.gif "[Flag of Bolivia]")
- Adopted 5 Nov 1851
Civil Flag
-
|
-
![[State
Flag of Bolivia]](/bo_s.gif "[State Flag
of Bolivia]")
- Adopted 5 Nov 1851
State Flag
|
![[Wiphala flag,
National Symbol from 2009 (Bolivia)]](/bo_w.gif "[Wiphala flag, National Symbol
from 2009 (Bolivia)]")
National Symbol from 7 Feb 2009
|
|
| Map
of Bolivia |
Hear
National Anthem
"Himno Nacional de
Bolivia"
(National Anthem of Bolivia)
(a.k.a. "Canci�n Patri�tica"
[Patriotic Song])
|
Text
of National Anthem
Adopted 1851 |
Constitution
(7 Feb 2009)
-----------------------------------
1967 Constitution
(2 Feb 1967 -
7 Feb 2009)
|
Capital: Sucre
(Ciudad de la Plata de la
Nueva Toledo [Chuquisaca, Charcas]
1538-1839;
Peru-Bolivia: Tacna
1836-1839)
Administrative
capital:
La Paz (de facto since 1898)
|
Currency:
Boliviano (BOB);
1963-1987 Bolivian Peso (BOP);
1863-1963 Boliviano (BOL); 1825-1863
Bolivian Peso (BOE)
|
National
Holiday: 6 Aug (1825)
D�a de la Independencia
(Independence Day)
|
Population: 12,311,974
(2024) |
|
GDP: $122.2
billion (2024)
|
Exports:
$11.9 billion (2023)
Imports: $12.9
billion (2023)
|
Ethnic groups:
Mestizo (mixed White and Amerindian
ancestry) 68%, indigenous 20%, white
5%, cholo/chola 2%,
black 1%, other 1%, unspecified 3% ;
44% of respondents
indicated feeling part of some
indigenous group, predominantly
Quechua or Aymara (2009)
|
Total Armed
Forces: 34,100 (2025)
Merchant marine:
50 ships (2023)
|
Religions:
Roman Catholic 65%, Protestant 19.6%
(Evangelical (non-specific) 11.9%,
Evangelical Baptist 2.1%, Evangelical
Pentecostal 1.8%, Evangelical
Methodist 0.7%, Adventist 2.8%,
Protestant (non-specific) 0.3%),
Believer (not belonging to the church)
0.9%, other 4.8%, atheist 1.7%,
agnostic 0.6%, none 6.1%, unspecified
1.3% (2023)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ACS
(observer), ACTO, AIIB (applicant), ALBA
(suspended), APM, BRICS
(partner), BTWC, CAN, CCM, CD,
CELAC, CTBT, CWC, ENMOD (signatory),
ESCR, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM,
IPU, ISA, ISO (correspondent), ITSO,
ITU, LAES, LAIA, LAP, LU, Mercosur,
MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW,
OST (signatory), PCA, SEGIB, SICA
(observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCLOS,
UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WTO
|
|
Bolivia
Index
|
Chronology
- 1536 -
1545
Spanish colonize area called
Charcas, Upper Peru,
-
(Alto Per�) or Chuquisaca
(subordinated to Peru)
- 3 Jan
1548
Part of Viceroyalty of Peru.
- 18 Sep
1559
Real
Audiencia of Charcas (Audiencia y
Canciller�a
-
Real de La
Plata de los Charcas) created.
- 8 Aug
1776
Part of Viceroyalty of R�o de la
Plata
-
(see Argentina).
- 25 May 1809 - 6 Aug
1825 Bolivian war of
independence.
- 16 Jul 1809 - Nov
1809
Independent state proclaimed in
Upper Peru (Alto
-
Per�) nominally in
the name of Fernando VII the
-
Bourbon king of Spain deposed by
Napoleon.
- 1810 -
1816
Proclaimed a province of the
independent R�o de
-
la Plata (see Argentina).
- 16 May 1825 - 25 May
1826 Departments of
Upper Peru (Alto Per�) are
-
organized as a territory
occupied by the army
-
of Peru (Provincias
del Alto Per�).
- 6 Aug 1825
Act of independence of the
provinces of Alto Per�
-
is passed by Asamblea General
at Chuquisaca (now
-
Sucre, Bolivia)(not
recognized by Peru).
- 11 Aug
1825
Bolivar Republic (Rep�blica
Bol�var) is declared
-
the name of the polity by Asamblea
General at
-
Chuquisaca (but the decree is
not promulgated by
-
the military authorities and
Upper Peru [Alto
-
Per�] and State
of Upper Peru [Estado del Alto
-
Per�] were used as
alternatives in other
-
documents of Asamblea
General issued between 10
-
Jul 1825 and 6 Oct 1825).
- 18 May 1826
Independence of Rep�blica
Boliviana is recognized
-
by a decree issued by Peru
and proclaimed at
-
Chuquisaca 14 Jun 1826.
- 25 May 1826
Executive functions transferred from
the military
-
governor to Constituent
Congress
-
(Rep�blica Boliviana;
and/or Bolivia).
- 28 Oct 1836 - 20 Feb
1839 Component of
Peru-Bolivian Confederation
-
(Confederaci�n Per�-Boliviana);
for North and
-
South Peru components see
under Peru).
- 12 Feb 1861
Spain recognizes the independence of
Bolivia
-
(by treaty signed on 21 Jul 1847).
- 27 Mar
1867
Acre granted to Bolivia in the
Treaty of
-
Ayacucho.
- 1 Oct
1868
Republic of Bolivia (Rep�blica de
Bolivia)(the
-
old style lingers until
1908).
- 20 Oct
1883
Pacific coastline including
Antofagasta is
-
annexed by Chile.
- 4 Jul 1899 - 25 Apr
1900 Acre independent of
Bolivia (see under Brazil).
- 17 Nov
1903
Acre purchased by Brazil in the
Treaty of
-
Petr�polis.
- 7 Feb 2009
Plurinational
State of Bolivia (Estado
-
Plurinacional
de Bolivia).
- 18 Mar 2009
The use of Estado Plurinacional
de Bolivia is
-
prescribed in public and
private acts by decree.
|
Departments
(from 2006)
|
Provinces of
Upper Peru
(1783-1825)
|
| Cochabamba
|
| C�rdoba
|
La
Paz
|
| Potos�
|
Historical Maps
of Bolivia |
| |
| |
|
Governor of the Province of Charcas
1536 -
1538
Gonzalo Pizarro Alonso
(b. c.1510 - d. 1548)
Lieutenant governors of the Province of Charcas
Sep 1538 - Apr
1539 Diego de
Rojas
(b. 1500 - d. 1544)
Sep 1539 - Feb
1540 Francisco
de Aguirre Meneses (b.
c.1500 - d. 1581)
Feb 1540 - 1542
Pedro Anz�rez Enr�quez de
(b. c.1503 - d. 1543)
Camporredondo
1542 -
1544
Diego de Reyes + Luis de Ribera
21 Nov 1544 - 16 Jul 1545 Francisco de
Almendras
(b. c.1500 - d. 1545)
16 Jul 1545 -
1546
Alonso de
Mendoza
(b. c.1510 - d. c.1553)
Governors of the Province of Charcas
1549? - 1550?
Juan Polo de Ondegardo y Z�rate
(b. c.1500 - d. 1575)
1551 - 5 May 1553
Pedro Alonso de Hinojosa
(d. 1553)
Presidents of the Audiencia de La Plata de los
Charcas
(Presidentes de la Real Audiencia de Charcas
de la Provincia de Charcas)
1559 -
1572
Pedro Ram�rez de Qui�ones
(d. 1582)
1573 -
1577
Lope D�ez de Aux y Armend�riz (b.
c.1520 - d. 1585)
Castrej�n
1578 - 15 Aug 1579
Juan de Matienzo
(b. 1520
- d. 1579)
1579 - 1582
Manuel Barros de San Mill�n
(b. 1523 - d. 1599)
(acting)
1582 - 1602
Juan L�pez de
Cepeda
(d. c.1601)
1602 - 1609
Alonso Maldonado de Torres
(d. 1628)
1609 - 1610
Pedro Ruiz Bejarano
1610 - 1626
Diego de Portugal
1626 - 1627
Alonso P�rez de Salazar y Rosales
(b. 1561 - d. 1646)
(acting)
1627 - 1629
Diego Mu�oz de Cu�llar (1st time)
(acting)
1629 - 1630
Diego de Eg�es y Beaumont
(b. c.1612 - d. 1664)
1630 - 1632
Diego Mu�oz de Cu�llar (2nd time)
1632
Francisco de
Alfaro
(b. 1551 - d. 1644)
(disputed in some sources)
May 1632 -
1635
Juan de Carvajal y Sande
(b. c.1590 - d. 1667)
Mar 1635 -
1642
Juan de Liz�razu y Garc�a de Rec�in(b. 1594 - d. 1644)
1642 - 1644
Dionisio P�rez Manrique de
Lara (b. 1599 - d. 1678)
1644 - 1647
Francisco de Sossa
1647 - 1660
Francisco de Nestares Mar�n
(b. 1605 - d. 1660)
1660 - 1661
Andr�s Garavito de L�on e Illescas
(b. 1600 - d. 1675)
(acting)
1661 - 1663
Bartolom� de Salazar y Poza
(b. 1595 - d. 1670)
1663 - 12 Dec 1670
Pedro V�zquez de Velasco
(b. 1603 - d. 1670)
1670 - 1671
Luis Jos� Merlo de la Fuente
(b. c.1611 - d. 1690)
1671 - 1674
Jos� del Corral Calvo de la Banda (b.
1625 - d. 1686)
(acting)
1674 - 1687
Bartolom� Gonz�lez y P�veda
(b. 1634 - d. 1692)
1687 - 1694
Diego
de Mej�a (Mexia)
1694 - 1699
Antonio Mart�nez Luj�n de
Vargas (b. 1648 - d. ....)
1699 - 1700
Francisco Dom�nguez
1700 - 1708
Miguel Antonio de Ormaza y Ponce
(b. 16.. - d. 1723)
de L�on
(acting)
1708 - 1717
Francisco
Pimentel y Sotomayor
1717 - 1725
Gabriel Antonio de Matienzo
1725 - 1733
Francisco de Herboso y Luza
(b. 1670 - d. 1733)
1733 - 1735
Jos� Cipriano de Herrera y
Loizaga (b. 1695 - d. 1736)
1736 - 1737
Ign�cio del Castillo (acting)
1737 - 1746
Antonio Hermenegildo de
Querejazu (b. 1711 - d. 1792)
y
Mollinedo
1746 - 1754
Jos� Gabriel de J�uregui Ormaechea (b. 1707
- d. 1791)
y Aguirre
1754 - 5 Nov 1757
Nicol�s Jim�nez
de Lobat�n y Aza�a,(b. 1693 - d. 1757)
marqu�s de Rochafuerte
1757 -
1766
Juan Francisco Pesta�a y Chamucero (b. 1710 - d. 1766)
1766 -
1769
Juan Victorino Mart�nez de Tineo y (b. 1720 - d. 1785)
Torres
(interim to 1767)
1769 - 1777
Ambrosio de Benavides Medina Li��n (b. 1718 - d.
1787)
y Torres
1778
Jer�nimo Manuel de Ruedas Morales (b. 1736 - d.
c.1785)
(1st time)
1778 - 2 Jul
1780
Agust�n Fernando de Pinedo y
(b. 1720? - d. 1780)
Fern�ndez de Valdivieso
1780 - 1782
Jer�nimo Manuel
de Ruedas Morales (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1782 -
1785
Jos� Ignacio Flores de Vergara y (b. 1733 -
d. 1786)
Xim�nez de C�rdenas
1785 -
1790
Vicente de G�lvez y Valenzuela
1790 -
1797
Joaqu�n del Pino S�nchez de Rosas (b. 1729 - d.
1804)
Romero y Negrete
16 Nov 1797 - 1805
Ram�n Garc�a de Le�n y Pizarro (b.
1745 - d. 1815)
1805 - 12 Jul 1809 Jos�
Ram�rez de Laredo y Encalada
(acting)
President of Junta of Defense of the Rights
of the King and the Town
12 Jul 1809 - 30 Sep 1809 Pedro Domingo
Murillo
(b. 1756 - d. 1809)
Presidents of the Audiencia
24 Dec 1809 - 13 Nov 1810 Vicente Nieto de
las Vi�as y (b. 1769 - d. 1810)
Garc�a S�nchez de Valencia y
Gonz�lez
1809 -
1810
Jos� de la
Iglesia
(d. c.1821)
13 Nov 1810 - 1811
Antonio Gonz�lez Balcarce
(b. 1774 - d. 1819)
(interim)
1810 - 1811
Jos� Manuel de Goyeneche y
Barreda (b. 1776 - d. 1846)
(comandante en jefe del ej�rcito realista en
Charcas)
1811
Esteban Agust�n Gasc�n
(b. 1764 - d. 1814)
1811 - 1813
Domingo Trist�n y
Moscoso (b.
1768 - d. 1847)
Aug 1811 - Mar
1813
Juan Nepomuceno Ram�rez de Orozco (b. 1764
- d. 1852)
y Gallardo (interim)
Sep 1813 - Nov 1813
Francisco Antonio Ortiz de Ocampo (b. 1771
- d. 1840)
(revolutionary
government)
1813 - 1814
Gregorio
Hoyos Fern�ndez de Miranda(b. 17.. - d.
1814)
Garc�a del Llano, marqu�s de
Valde-hoyos
1814
Jer�nimo Marr�n de Lombera (acting)(b.c.
1760 - d. 1814)
1814
Juan Antonio �lvarez de Arenales
(b. 1770 - d. 1831)
(comandante general
de las Tropas del Interior)
1815
Mart�n Rodr�guez
(b. 1771
- d. 1845)
1815
Juan Antonio Fern�n�dez
(revolutionary
government)
1815
Miguel Tac�n y Rosique
(interim) (b. 1777 - d. 1855)
1816 -
1818
Jos�
Pascual de Vivero y
(b. 1762 - d. 1834)
Salaverr�a (interim)
22 Feb 1818 -
1824
Rafael Maroto Yserns
(b. 1783 - d. 1853)- 1824 -
1825
Pedro Antonio de Ola�eta Marquiegu (b.
1770 - d. 1825)
-
(comandante)
- 1824 - 1825
Jos�
Antonio Vigil Manrique de
(b. 1782 - d. 1872)
-
Lara
(interim)
- Military
governor
- 16 May 1825 - 18 Aug 1825 Antonio
Jos� Francisco de Sucre (b.
1795 - d. 1830) Mil
-
y Alcal�
-
(commander-in-chief
of the Army of Liberation)
- Liberator, invested with the
Supreme Executive Power
- 18 Aug 1825 - 29 Dec 1825
Sim�n Jos� de la
Sant�sima
(b. 1783 - d. 1830) Mil
-
Trinidad Bol�var y Palacios
- Military
governor
- 29 Dec 1825 - 25 May 1826
Antonio Jos� Francisco de
Sucre (s.a.)
Mil
-
y Alcal�
-
(commander-in-chief of Army of
Liberation,
-
in
charge of the departments)
- President of the General Constituent
Congress
- 25 May 1826 - 28 May 1826 Jos�
Joaqu�n Casimiro Ola�eta y
(b. 1796 - d. 1860)
-
G�emes
- Presidents
- 28 May 1826 - 12 Aug 1828
Antonio Jos� Francisco de
Sucre
(s.a.)
Mil
-
y Alcal�
-
(Commander-in-chief of the
Liberation
-
Army,
in charge of the Supreme Command
-
of
Bolivia to 19 Jun 1826)
- 18 Apr 1828 - 12 Aug 1828
Jos� Mar�a P�rez de Urdininea
y (b. 1784 - d.
1865) Mil
-
Gurruchaga (acting for Sucre)
- 12 Aug 1828 - 18 Dec 1828
Jos� Miguel de Velasco Franco
(b. 1795 - d. 1859)
Mil
-
(1st time)(acting for Jos�
Andr�s
-
de Santa Cruz
who did not take office)
- 18 Dec 1828 - 31 Dec 1828
Pedro Blanco Soto
(provisional) (b. 1795
- d. 1829) Mil
- 18 Dec 1828 - 26 Dec 1828 Jos�
Ram�n de Loayza Pacheco
(b. 1751 - d. 1839)
-
Salgado (acting
for Blanco)
- 1 Jan 1829 - 24 May 1829
Jos� Miguel de Velasco Franco
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(2nd time)(acting; from 31 Jan
-
1829
for Jos� Andr�s de Santa Cruz)
- 31 Jan 1829 - 20 Feb 1839
Jos� Andr�s de Santa
Cruz
(b. 1792 - d. 1865) Mil
-
y Villavicencio y Calahumana
-
(provisional to 15 Aug 1831; and Supreme
Protector of
-
Peru-Bolivian Confederation 28 Oct 1836
- 20 Feb 1839)
- 18 Jul 1838 - 22 Feb 1839
Mariano Enrique Calvo Cu�llar
(b. 1782 - d. 1842)
-
(1st
time)(acting [for absent Santa Cruz to
20 Feb 1839])
- 22 Feb 1839 - 10 Jun 1841 Jos�
Miguel de Velasco Franco
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(3rd time)
-
(Provisional Supreme Chief to 16 Jun
1839;
-
provisional president to 15 Aug 1840)
- 10 Jun 1841 - 9 Jul
1841 Sebasti�n de
�greda
(b. 1795 - d. 1875) Mil
-
(Provisional Chief [from 1 Jul 1841
acting
-
for
Jos� Andr�s Santa Cruz who did not take
office])
- 9 Jul 1841 - 22 Sep
1841 Mariano Enrique Calvo
Cu�llar
(s.a.)
-
(2nd time)(acting [for
Jos� Andr�s
-
Santa Cruz
who did not take office])
- 22 Sep 1841 - 27 Sep 1841 Vacant
- 27 Sep 1841 - 23 Dec 1847 Jos�
Mar�a de Ballivi�n y Segurola (b. 1805 -
d. 1852) Mil
-
(provisional to 15 Aug 1844)
- 23 Dec 1847 - 2 Jan
1848 Eusebio Guilarte Mole
(acting) (b.
1799 - d. 1849) Mil
- 2 Jan 1848 - 6 Jan
1848 Jos� Miguel de Velasco
Franco
(s.a.)
Mil
(4th time)(provisional)(re-assumed
-
office in accordance with a decree
dated
-
2 Nov 1847 at Mojo, intermittently
absent
-
from the country until 18 Jan 1848)
- 6
Jan 1848 - 18 Jan 1848 Manuel Isidoro
Belzu
Hum�rez (b.
1808 - d. 1865) PP
-
(1st time)(interim)
- 18 Jan 1848 - 6 Dec 1848 Jos�
Miguel de Velasco Franco
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(5th time)(provisional to 12 Sep 1848)
- 6 Dec 1848 - 15 Aug 1855
Manuel Isidoro Belzu
Hum�rez
(s.a.)
Mil/Rojo
-
(2nd time)(provisional [in
-
rebellion from 12 Oct 1848] to 15 Aug 1850)
- 15 Aug 1855 - 21 Oct 1857 Jorge
C�rdova
(b. 1822 - d. 1861) Rojo
- 21 Oct 1857 - 14 Jan 1861 Jos� Mar�a de
Linares y de Lizarazu(b. 1810 - d. 1861)
Rojo
-
Beaumont y Navarra
-
(provisional [in rebellion from 9 Sep 1857])
- 14 Jan 1861 - 4 May 1861 Government
Junta
-
- Ruperto
Fern�ndez
(d.
1877)
Mil
-
- Jos� Mar�a de Ach�
Valiente (b. 1810 -
d. 1868) Mil
-
- Manuel Antonio
S�nchez
(b. 1810 - d. 1861) Mil
-
(to 9 Apr 1861)
- 4 May 1861 - 28 Dec 1864 Jos� Mar�a
de Ach�
Valiente
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(provisional to 15 Aug 1862)
- 19 Aug 1862 - 10
Oct 1862 Gregorio
P�rez
(b. 1811 - d. 1890) Mil
-
(in dissidence, in La Paz)
- 28 Dec 1864 - 15 Jan 1871 Manuel Mariano
Melgarejo
(b. 1818 - d. 1871) Mil
-
(provisional to 15 Aug 1870)
- 15 Jan 1871 - 27 Nov 1872 Pedro
Agust�n Morales Hern�ndez (b. 1808 -
d. 1872) PL
-
(Supreme Chief of the Revolution [in rebellion
from
-
26 Nov 1870] to 21 Jan 1871; provisional to 25 Aug
1872)
- 27 Nov 1872 - 28 Nov 1872 Juan
de Dios Bosque y Ventura (b. 1829
- d. 1890) Non-party
-
Farf�n (acting)
- 28 Nov 1872 - 9 May
1873 Tom�s Francisco Fr�as
Ametller (b. 1804 - d.
1884) PL
-
(1st time)
- 9 May 1873 - 14 Feb 1874
Adolfo Ballivi�n
Coll
(b. 1831 - d. 1874) Mil
- 14 Feb 1874 - 4 May 1876
Tom�s Francisco Fr�as Ametller
(s.a.)
PL
-
(2nd time)
- 8 Jan 1875 - 18 Jan 1875 Supreme
National Directory
-
(in dissidence, in La Paz)
-
- Quint�n Quevedo
Ferrari
(b. 1825 - d. 1876) Mil
-
- Casimiro Corral
(b. 1830 - d. 1895)
- 4 May 1876 - 28 Dec 1879
Hilari�n Daza (provisional)
(b. 1840 - d. 1893) Mil
- 28 Dec 1879 - 17 Jan 1880
Uladislao Silva Arancibia
(b. 1840 - d.
1898) Mil
-
(president of the
Governing Board of La Paz)
- 19 Jan 1880 - 31 May 1880 Jos�
Narciso Campero
Leyes
(b. 1813 - d. 1896) PC
-
(1st time) (provisional)
- 1 Jun 1880 - 19 Jun
1880 Aniceto Arce y Ruiz de
Mendoza (b. 1824 - d.
1906) PC
-
(1st time) (acting)
- 19 Jun 1880 - 4 Sep 1884
Jos� Narciso Campero
Leyes
(s.a.)
PC
-
(2nd time)
- 4 Sep
1884 - 15 Aug 1888 Jos� Gregorio
Pacheco
Leyes
(b. 1823 - d. 1899) PC
- 15 Aug 1888 - 11 Aug 1892 Aniceto Arce y
Ruiz de Mendoza
(s.a.)
PC
-
(2nd time)
- 11 Aug 1892 - 19 Aug 1896 Jos� Mariano
Baptista Caserta (b.
1832 - d. 1907) PC
- 19 Aug 1896 - 12 Apr 1899 Severo Fern�ndez
Alonso Caballero (b. 1848 - d. 1925) PC
- 12 Dec 1898 - 25 Oct 1899 Government
Junta (in rebellion)
-
-
Serapio Reyes Ortiz
Aguilar (b.
1822 - d. 1900) PL
-
- Macario Pinilla
Vargas
(b. 1855 - d. 1927)
-
- Juan Jos�
Manuel Inocencio Pando (b. 1849 - d. 1917)
PL
-
Solares
(from 16 Dec 1898)
- 25 Oct 1899 - 14 Aug 1904 Jaun
Jos� Manuel Inocencio Pando (s.a.)
PL
-
Solares
- 14 Aug 1904 - 12 Aug 1909
Ismael Montes Gamboa (1st time) (b.
1861 - d. 1933) PL
- 12 Aug 1909 - 14 Aug
1913 Eliodoro Villaz�n
Monta�o
(b. 1848 - d. 1939) PL
- 14 Aug 1913 - 15 Aug
1917 Ismael Montes Gamboa (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
PL
- 15 Aug 1917 - 12 Jul
1920 Jos� Manuel Justiniano Guti�rrez
(b. 1869 - d. 1920) PL
-
Guerra
- 12 Jul 1920 - 13 Jul
1920 Rosa Bautista Saavedra
Mallea (b. 1870 - d.
1939) PR
-
("Superior Political Chief of the Revolution")
-
(1st time)
- 13 Jul 1920 - 28 Jan 1921 Provisional
Government Junta
-
- Jos� Mar�a Escalier Villegas
(b. 1863 - d. 1934) PR
-
- Rosa Bautista Saavedra Mallea
(s.a.)
PR
-
- Jos� Manuel Ram�rez Mart�nez
(b. 1868 - d. 1934) PR
-
- Juan Jos� Fern�ndez
(b. 1882 -
d. 1927) Mil
- 28 Jan 1921 - 3 Sep 1925 Rosa Bautista
Saavedra Mallea
(s.a.)
PRS
-
(2nd time)
- 3 Sep 1925 - 10 Jan 1926
Felipe Segundo Guzm�n (provisional)(b. 1879 - d.
1932) PRS
- 10 Jan 1926 - 28 May 1930
Mariano Hernando Siles
Reyes (b. 1882 -
d. 1942) PRS
- 28 May 1930 - 25 Jun 1930 Council
of Ministers (acting)
-
- Alberto Diez de Medina L�rtora (b.
1877 - d. 1932)
-
- Germ�n Antelo Ara�z
-
(to 17 Jun 1930)
-
- Franklin Francisco Emilio
(b. 1891 - d. 1971)
-
Mercado de Loayza
-
- Jos� David Toro
Ruilova
(b. 1898 - d. 1977) Mil
-
- Jos� Mar�a Aguirre
Ach�
(b. 1877 - d. 1941)
-
- Fidel Vega
(d. 1939)
-
- Carlos Banzer Aliaga
(b. 1888 - d. 1968)
-
- Ezequiel Romec�n Calder�n
(b. 1878 - d. 19..)
-
(from 17 Jun 1930)
- 28 Jun 1930 - 5 Mar
1931 Carlos Blanco
Galindo
(b. 1882 - d. 1943) Mil
-
(president of the council of
ministers
-
of the
Military Government Junta)
- 5 Mar 1931 - 27 Nov
1934 Daniel Domingo Salamanca
Urey (b.
1869 - d. 1935) PRG
- 28 Nov 1934 - 17 May 1936
Jos� Luis Tejada y Ruiz de Sorzano (b.
1882 - d. 1938) PL
- 17 May 1936 - 20 May 1936
Germ�n Busch Becerra (1st
time) (b. 1903 - d.
1939) Mil
-
(president of provisional Government
Junta)
- 20 May 1936 - 13 Jul 1937
Jos� David Toro Ruilova
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(president of Government Junta, from
-
21 Jun 1936 Military
Government Junta)
- 13 Jul 1937 - 23 Aug 1939
Germ�n Busch Becerra (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(president of Military Government Junta
to 28 May 1938)
- 23 Aug 1939 - 15 Apr 1940
Carlos Quintanilla
Quiroga
(b. 1888 - d. 1964) Mil
-
(provisional)
- 15 Apr 1940 - 20 Dec 1943
Enrique Pe�aranda del
Castillo (b.
1892 - d. 1969) Mil+Conc
- 20 Dec 1943 - 21 Jul 1946
Gualberto Villarroel
L�pez
(b. 1908 - d. 1946) Mil; 1944
-
(president Government Junta to 5 Apr
1944;
Radepa+MNR
-
provisional president 5 Apr - 6 Aug
1944)
- 21 Jul 1946
D�maso Arenas
Sanchez
(b. 1900 - d. 19..)
Mil
-
(general-in-chief of the Army)
-
(did not take office)
- 21 Jul 1946 - 15 Aug 1946
N�stor Guill�n
Olmos
(b. 1890 - d. 1966) Non-party
-
(Superior Court of Justice of the
-
District of La Paz to 22 Jul 1946,
then
-
president Government Junta 22-24
Jul 1946; then
-
president provisional Government Junta
from 24 Jul 1946)
- 15 Aug 1946 - 10 Mar 1947
Tom�s Monje
Guti�rrez
(b. 1884 - d. 1954) Non-party
-
(president Provisional Government Junta)
- 10 Mar 1947 - 22 Oct 1949
Jos� Enrique Hertzog Garaiz�bal
(b. 1897 - d. 1980)
PURS
- 22 Oct 1949 - 16 May 1951
Mamerto Urriolagoitia
Harriague� (b. 1895 - d.
1974) PURS
-
(acting [for Hertzog from 7 May 1949] to
24 Oct 1949)
- 16 May 1951 - 11 Apr 1952
Hugo Ballivi�n
Rojas
(b. 1901 - d. 1993) Mil
-
(chairman military government junta)
- 11 Apr 1952 - 16 Apr 1952
Hern�n Siles Zuazo (1st
time) (b.
1914 - d. 1996) MNR
-
(provisional to 12 Apr 1952, then
acting)
- 16 Apr 1952 - 6 Aug
1956 �ngel V�ctor Paz
Estenssoro
(b. 1907 - d. 2001) MNR
-
(1st time)
- 6 Aug 1956 - 6 Aug
1960 Hern�n Siles Zuazo (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
MNR
- 6 Aug 1960 - 4 Nov
1964 �ngel V�ctor Paz
Estenssoro
(s.a.)
MNR
-
(2nd time)
- Chairmen of the Military Junta
- 4 Nov 1964 - 5 Nov
1964 Alfredo Ovando Cand�a (1st
time) (b. 1918 - d.
1982) Mil
- 5 Nov 1964
(hours)
Alfredo Ovando Cand�a (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
-
+ Ren� Barrientos Ortu�o (1st time)(b.
1919 - d. 1969) Mil
-
(co-chairmen)
- 5 Nov 1964 - 26 May
1965 Ren� Barrientos Ortu�o (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
- 26 May 1965 - 3 Jan
1966 Ren� Barrientos Ortu�o (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil/MPC
-
+ Alfredo Ovando Cand�a (3rd time)
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(presidents of the government military
junta)
- 3 Jan 1966 - 6 Aug
1966 Alfredo Ovando Cand�a (4th
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
- Presidents
- 6 Aug 1966 - 27 Apr
1969 Ren� Barrientos
Ortu�o
(s.a.)
FRB
- 27 Apr 1969 - 26 Sep 1969
Luis Adolfo Siles
Salinas
(b. 1925 - d. 2005) PSD+FRB
- 26 Sep 1969 - 6 Oct
1970 Alfredo Ovando
Cand�a
(s.a.)
Mil
- 6 Oct 1970 - 7 Oct
1970 Government Military Junta
-
- Efra�n Guachalla
Ib��ez
Mil
-
- Fernando Sattori
Ribera
(b. 1927 - d. 2005) Mil
-
- Alberto Albarrac�n
Crespo
(b. 1922 - d. 2006) Mil
- 7 Oct 1970 - 21 Aug
1971 Juan Jos� Torres
Gonz�lez
(b. 1921 - d. 1976) Mil
- 21 Aug 1971 - 22 Aug 1971
Jaime Florentino Mendieta
Vargas (b.1922/26 - d.
2000)Mil
-
+ Hugo Banzer
Su�rez
(b. 1926 - d. 2002) Mil
-
+ Andr�s Selich
Chop
(b. 1927 - d. 1973) Mil
-
(presidents of the government junta)
- 22 Aug 1971 - 21 Jul 1978
Hugo Banzer Su�rez (1st
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
- 21 Jul 1978
(hours) V�ctor
Gonz�lez
Fuentes
(d.
bf.2022)
Mil
-
(chief of the general staff)
- 21 Jul 1978 - 24 Nov 1978
Juan Pereda
Asb�n
(b. 1931 - d. 2012) Mil
- 24 Nov 1978 - 8 Aug 1979
Jos� David Padilla
Arancibia
(b. 1927
- d. 2016) Mil
- 8
Aug 1979 - 1 Nov 1979 W�lter
Guevara Arze (interim)
(b. 1912 - d.
1996) MNRA
-
(continues in dissidence to 17 Nov
1979)
- 1 Nov 1979 - 16 Nov 1979
Alberto Natusch
Busch
(b. 1933 - d. 1994) Mil
- 17 Nov 1979 - 18 Jul 1980
Lydia (Lidia) Gueiler Tejada (f)
(b. 1921 - d. 2011) PRIN
-
(interim)
- 18 Jul 1980
(hours)
Junta of Commanders of the Armed
-
Forces of the Nation
-
- Luis Garc�a Meza
Tejada
(b. 1929 - d. 2018) Mil
-
(1st time)
-
- Waldo Bernal Pereira (1st time)
(b.
1934)
Mil
-
- Ramiro Terrazas
Rodr�guez
(b. 1928 - d. 1991) Mil
- 18 Jul 1980 - 4 Aug
1981 Luis Garc�a Meza Tejada (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
- 4 Aug 1981 - 4 Sep
1981 Junta of Commanders of
the Armed
Forces of the Nation
-
- Waldo Bernal Pereira (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Mil
-
- Celsto Torrelio
Villa
(b. 1933 - d. 1999) Mil
-
- �scar Jaime Pammo
Rodr�guez
(b.
1934)
Mil
-
(1st time)
- 4 Sep 1981 - 19 Jul
1982 Celso Torrelio
Villa
(s.a.)
Mil
- 19 Jul 1982 - 21 Jul 1982 Junta
of Commanders of the Armed
Forces of the Nation
-
- Natalio Morales
Mosquera
(b. 1936 - d. 1993) Mil
-
- �scar Jaime Pammo
Rodr�guez
(s.a.)
Mil
-
(2nd time)
-
- �ngel Mariscal
G�mez
(b. 1935? - d. 2013) Mil
- 21 Jul 1982 - 10 Oct 1982
Guido Vildoso
Calder�n
(b.
1937)
Mil
- 10 Oct 1982 - 6 Aug
1985 Hern�n Siles Zuazo (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
MNRI
- 6 Aug 1985 - 6 Aug
1989 �ngel V�ctor Paz Estenssoro
(s.a.)
MNR
-
(3rd time)
- 6 Aug 1989 - 6 Aug
1993 Jaime Paz
Zamora
(b.
1939)
MIR
- 6 Aug 1993 - 6 Aug
1997 Gonzalo S�nchez de
Lozada
(b.
1930)
MNR
-
S�nchez Bustamante (1st time)
- 6 Aug 1997 - 7 Aug
2001 Hugo Banzer Su�rez (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
ADN
- 7 Aug 2001 - 6 Aug
2002 Jorge Fernando Arturo Quiroga
(b.
1960)
ADN
-
Ram�rez
-
(acting for
Banzer 1 Jul - 7 Aug 2001)
- 6 Aug 2002 - 17 Oct
2003 Gonzalo S�nchez de
Lozada
(s.a.)
MNR
-
S�nchez Bustamante (2nd time)
- 17 Oct 2003 - 9 Jun
2005 Carlos Diego Luis Rafael
Mesa (b.
1953)
Non-party
-
Gisbert
- 9 Jun 2005 - 22 Jan 2006
Enrique Eduardo Rodr�guez
Veltz� (b.
1956)
Non-party
- 22 Jan 2006 - 12 Nov 2019 Juan
Evo Morales Ayama
(b.
1959)
MAS
- 12 Nov 2019 - 8 Nov 2020
Jeanine ��ez Ch�vez (f) (interim)
(b. 1967)
MDS
- 8 Nov 2020 - 8 Nov
2025 Luis Alberto "Lucho" Arce
Catacora (b.
1963)
MAS;10-2023 Ind
- 8 Nov 2025 -
Rodrigo Paz
Pereira
(b. 1967)
PDC
- Territorial Disputes: Contraband
smuggling, human trafficking, and illegal narcotic
trafficking are problems in the porous areas of its
border regions with all of its neighbors (Argentina,
Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru; Despite tariff-free
access to ports in southern Peru and northern Chile,
Bolivia persists with its long-standing claims to
regain sovereign access to the Pacific Ocean via the Atacama
corridor. Smuggling of archaeological artifacts
from Peru to Bolivia, illegal timber and narcotics
smuggling, human trafficking, and falsified documents
are current issues; The Robor� Accord of 29 Mar 1958
placed the long-disputed Isla Su�rez/Ilha de
Guajar�-Mirim, a fluvial island on the R�o Mamor�,
between the two towns of Guajar�-Mirim (Brazil) and
Guayaramerin (Bolivia), under Bolivian administration
but did not resolve the sovereignty dispute; On 27 Apr
2009, the president of Argentina hosted the presidents
of Bolivia and Paraguay together with representatives
of the fiver other guarantor states - Brazil, Chile,
Peru, the United States, and Uruguay - to the signing
for the Final Record of the Boundary Commission in
execution of the 1938 Peace Treaty between Bolivia and
Paraguay.
Party
abbreviations: MAS
= Movimiento al Socialismo-Instrumento Pol�tico por la
Soberan�a de los Pueblos (Movement for Socialism-Political
Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples, socialist,
left-wing nationalist, indigenism, est.1995); MDS
= Movimiento Dem�crata Social (Democrat Social Movement,
center-right, conservative liberal,
federalist, est.15 Dec 2013); MIR
= Movimiento Izquierda Revolucionaria (Movement of
Revolutionary Left, social-democratic, est.1971); MNR
= Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (Revolutionary
Nationalist Movement, nationalist, populist,
centrist, est.1942); PDC = Partido
Dem�crata Cristiano (Christian Democratic
Party, center-right, christian democratic,
est.6 Feb 1954); PODEMOS = Poder
Democr�tico y Social (Social and Democratic
Power, 'We Can', conservative, former ADN,
est.2005); Mil = Military; - Former
parties: ADN = Alianza
Democr�tica Nacionalista (Nationalist
Democratic Alliance, authoritarian populist,
23 Mar 1979-22 Aug 2005, renamed PODEMOS); Conc
= Concordancia (The Concordance, rightist
alliance of PL, PRG & PRS, 1939-1943); FRB
= Frente de la Revoluci�n Boliviana
(Bolivian Revolutionary Front, coalition of
MPC, PSD, Partido de la Izquierda
Revolucionaria and Partido Revolucionario
Aut�ntico, 1966-1970's); MNRA =
Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario
Aut�ntico (Authentic Nationalist
Revolutionary Movement, reformist,
nationalist, split from MNR, 1960-1964); MNRI
= Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario de
Izquierda (Nationalist Revolutionary
Movement of the Left, leftist, split from
MNR, 1971-1985); MPC = Movimiento
Popular Cristiano (Popular Christian
Movement, pro-R.B. Barrientos, 1966-1969);
PC = Partido Conservador (Conservative
Party, conservative, 1880-c.1899); PL
= Partido Liberal (Liberal Party, liberal,
1883-1978); PRIN = Partido
Revolucionario de la Izquierda Nacionalista
(Revolutionary Party of the National Left,
left-wing nationalist, split from MNR,
1963-1980's); PR = Partido
Republicano (Republican
Party, conservative, split from PL,
1914-1921); PRG = Partido
Republicano Genuino (Genuine Republican
Party, split from PR, 1921-1946); PRS
= Partido Republicano Socialista (Socialist
Republican Party, "Saavedristas", reformist,
populist, split from PR, 1921-1946); PSD
= Partido Social Democr�tica (Social
Democratic Party, conservative, elitist,
1944-c.1970); PURS = Partido de la
Uni�n Republicana Socialista (Republican
Socialist Unity Party, right of center,
merger of PRS, PRG, Partido Socialista
Independiente and Partido Socialista
Unificado, 1946-1978); Radepa =
Raz�n de Patria (Reason for the Fatherland
[Fatherland's Cause], military group,
nationalist, allied to MNR, 1934-1946); Rojo
= Partido Rojo (Red Party, populist,
c.1848-c.1861)
Provinces of Upper Peru
Cochabamba
|
![[Cochabamba, Bolivia flag
from 1809]](/bo-c.gif "[Cochabamba, Bolivia
flag from 1809]")
1810 - 1825
|
28 Jan 1782
Intendencia of Cochabamba (part
of R�o de la Plata).
1810
End of Spanish rule.
11 Aug
1825
Part of Bolivia.
Governors
1776 -
1780
Francisco de Viedma y Narv�ez
(b. 1737 -
d. 1809)
1780
- 1783
F�lix Jos� de Villalobos
Governor-Intendants
1783 -
1784
F�lix Jos� de Villalobos
1784 - ....
Mart�n de Mendoza
.... - 1809
Francisco de Viedma y Narv�ez
(b. 1737 -
d. 1809)
1809 -
1810
Jos� Gonz�lez de Amada
1810 -
1811
Francisco del Rivero
1811
Antonio Allende
1811 -
1812
Joaqu�n Mariano de Antezana
(b.
1771 - d. 1812)
1812 -
1813
Jer�nimo Marr�n de Lombera
(b.
c.1760 - d. 1814)
1813
Miguel Jos� de Cabrera
1813
Juan Antonio �lvarez de
Arenales
(b. 1770 - d.
1831)
(1st
time)
1813 -
1814
Mart�n de J�uregui
1814 -
1815
Antonio de Goyburu
1815 -
1816
Juan Antonio �lvarez de Arenales
(s.a.)
(2nd
time)
1816 -
1817
Military Tribunal
of
Purification
1817 -
1823
Jos� de Mendiz�bal e
Imas
(b. 1784 - d. 1843)
1823 -
1824
Jos� Miguel de Velasco Franco
(b. 1795 - d.
1859)
1824 -
1825
Mart�n Ru�z
de Somocurcio y de Abril (b.
1789 - d. 1825)
1825
Pedro Antonio de Ass�a
C�rdoba
28 Jan 1782 - 1810
Intendencia of C�rdoba (part of
R�o de la Plata).
Governor-Intendants
1784 -
1797
Rafael de Sobremonte N��ez Castillo
(b. 1745 - d. 1827)
Angulo y Bull�n Ram�rez de
Arellano, marqu�s de Sobremonte
1797 -
1803
Nicol�s P�rez del Viso (acting)
1803 -
1805
Jos� Gonz�lez
1805 -
1807
V�ctoriano Rodr�guez
1807 -
1810
Juan Guti�rrez de la Concha
(b.
1760 - d. 1810)
La Paz
28 Jan 1782
Intendencia of La Paz (part of
R�o de la Plata).
1811
Annexed to Peru.
16 Jul 1809 - 1809
Under the Revolutionary
Junta.
Jan 1811 - Jul
1811
Argentine occupation.
11 Aug
1825
Part of Bolivia.
Governor-Intendants
1 Jan 1784 -
1789
Jos� Sebasti�n de Segurota y
(b. 1740 - d.
1789)
Machain
1789 -
1790
Jos� Pablo Conti
1790 - Jul
1791
August�n de Goyoneta (acting)
Jul 1791 -
1793
Juan Manuel �lvarez
1793
Pedro Nolasco Crespo
(interim) (b. 1742
- d. 1807)
Jul 1793 - 1795
Francisco Antonio Dionisio de
Cu�llar
Artacho Carrillo de los
R�os
Ronso y Vald�s
Sep 1795 - Sep
1796
Fernando de la Sota Ag�ero
(b. 1759 - d.
....)
(interim)
Sep 1796 - 28 Oct 1807
Juan Antonio de
Burguny�
(b. 17.. - d. 1807)
1807 - 16 Jul
1809
Tadeo Fern�ndez D�vila y Eyzaguirre(b.
c.1750 - d. 1814)
16 Jul 1809 - 1809
Pedro Domingo Murillo
(b. 1756 - d. 1809)
(president
of Junta of Defense of
the
Rights of the King and the Town)
23 Nov 1809 - Jan 1810
Juan Ram�erz
Orosco
(b. 1764 - d. 1852)
Jul 1810
Juan Jos� Castelli
(b. 1764 - d.
1812)
(revolutionary government)
Jul 1810 - Jul
1813
Domingo Trist�n y Moscoso
(b. 1768 -
d. 1847)
Jul 1813 - 24 Sep
1814 Gregorio
Hoyos Fern�ndez de Miranda(b. 17.. -
d. 1814)
Garc�a del Llano, marqu�s de
Valde-hoyos
(revolutionary government)
5 Nov 1814 - 26 Oct 1816
Jos� Mar�a Landaberi (interim)
26 Oct 1816 - 1 Feb 1817
Mariano Ricafort Palaz�n y Abarca
(b. 1776 - d. 1846)
1 Feb 1817 -
1822
Juan S�nchez Lima
1822 -
1823
Francisco Huarte y J�uregui
(b. c.1745 - d.
18..)
1823
Jos� Ram�n
de Loaiza
Pacheco
(b. 1751 - d. 1839)
(revolutionary government)
1823 - 29 Jan
1825
Jos� de Mendiz�bal e Imas
(b. 1784 - d.
1843)
- Potos�
28 Jan 1782
Intendencia
of Potos� (part of R�o de la Plata).
1811
Annexed to Peru.
25 Nov 1811 - 20 Sep 1811
Argentine occupation.
May 1813 - Dec
1813
Argentine occupation.
May 1815 - Dec
1815
Argentine occupation.
11 Aug
1825
Part of Bolivia.
Governor-Intendants
1783 -
1789
Juan del Pino Manrique de Lara
(b. 17.. - d. 1814)
1789 -
1810
Francisco de Paula
Sanz
(b. 1745 - d. 1810)
25 Nov 1810 -
1811
Juan Jos� Castelli
(b. 1764 - d. 1812)
1811 - 20 Sep
1811
Juan Mart�n de
Pueyrred�n
(b. 1777 - d. 1850)
20 Sep 1811 - May
1813 Jos�
Manuel de Goyeneche y Barreda (b. 1776
- d. 1846)
May 1813 - Dec
1813
Manual
Belgrano
(b. 1770 - d. 1820)
Dec 1813 - Apr
1815
Joaqu�n de la Pezuela,
(b. 1761 -
d. 1830)
marqu�s de Viluma
Apr 1815 - Jul
1815
Juan
Rondeau
(b. 1775 - d. 1844)
- � Ben Cahoon
|
