SWAPO

Partai SWAPO Namibia
Organisasi Rakyat Afrika Barat Daya
Partai SWAPO Namibia; Organisasi Rakyat Afrika Barat Daya
Singkatan	SWAPO
Presiden	Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
Wakil Presiden	Lucia Witbooi
Sekretaris Jenderal	Sophia Shaningwa
Wakil Sekretaris Jenderal	Nangolo Mbumba
Pendiri	Sam Nujoma; Mburumba Kerina; Andimba Toivo Ya Toivo; Jacob Kuhangua; Solomon Mifima; Paul Helmuth; Andreas Shipanga; Erasmus Erastus Mbumba; Emil Appolus; Maxton Joseph Mutongulume; Carlos Hamatu
Dibentuk	19 April 1960; (66 tahun, 118 hari)
Didahului oleh	Organisasi Rakyat Ovamboland (OPO)
Kantor pusat	Erf 2464; Hans-Dietrich Genscher Street; Katutura; Windhoek; Khomas Region
Surat kabar	Namibia Today; (1960–2015)
Sayap pemuda	Liga Pemuda Partai SWAPO
Sayap bersenjata	Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat Namibia; (1962–1990)
Ideologi	Demokrasi sosial; Statisme; Historis:; Komunisme; Marxisme–Leninisme; Sosialisme ilmiah; Antikolonialisme
Posisi politik	Kiri tengah; Historis; Sayap kiri hingga kiri jauh
Afiliasi internasional	Gerakan Nonblok (hingga 1990); Sosialis Internasional (sejak 1970-an)
Afiliasi Afrika	Mantan Gerakan Pembebasan Afrika Bagian Selatan
Warna	Merah (utama); Biru, Hijau (sekunder)
Majelis Nasional	51 / 104
Dewan Nasional	28 / 42
Dewan Regional	88 / 121
Dewan Lokal	277 / 378
Parlemen Pan-Afrika	4 / 5
Bendera
Situs web
	www.swapo.party

Organisasi Rakyat Afrika Barat Daya (/ˈswɑːpoʊ/, SWAPO; bahasa Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasiecode: af is deprecated , SWAVO; bahasa Jerman: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisationcode: de is deprecated , SWAVO), yang secara resmi dikenal sebagai SWAPO Party of Namibia, adalah sebuah partai politik dan bekas gerakan kemerdekaan di Namibia. Didirikan pada tahun 1960, partai ini telah menjadi partai yang berkuasa di Namibia sejak negara tersebut mencapai kemerdekaan pada tahun 1990. Partai ini terus didominasi dalam jumlah dan pengaruh oleh kelompok etnis Ovambo.

SWAPO memegang dua pertiga mayoritas di parlemen dari tahun 1994 hingga 2019. Dalam pemilihan umum yang diadakan pada bulan November 2019, partai tersebut memenangkan 65,5% suara populer dan 63 dari 104 kursi di Majelis Nasional. Ia juga memegang 28 dari 42 kursi di Dewan Nasional. Dari November 2017 hingga kematiannya pada Februari 2024, Presiden Namibia Hage Geingob telah menjadi presiden SWAPO setelah terpilih pada posisi tersebut di kongres pemilihan partai tersebut.^[15]

Referensi

↑ "Klaus Dierks Chronology". klausdierks.com. Diakses tanggal 13 April 2025. The OPO's reconstitution as SWAPO is triggered by national leaders such as Sam Nujoma, Mburumba Kerina, Andimba Toivo Ya Toivo, Jacob Kuhangua, Solomon Mifima, Paul Helmuth, Andreas Shipanga, Erasmus Erastus Mbumba, Emil Appolus, Maxton Joseph Mutongulume and Carlos Hamatu
↑ Tötemeyer, Gerhard (December 2007). "The Management of a Dominant Political Party system with particular reference to Namibia" (PDF). Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. hlm. 3. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi aslinya tanggal 14 February 2012. Diakses tanggal 20 November 2019.
↑ Dauth, Timothy (17 January 1995). "From Liberation Organisations to Ruling Parties: The ANC and SWAPO in Transition". NamNet Digest, Vol. 95, no. 3. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2011.
1 2 "Namibia". Africaelects.com. Diakses tanggal 15 June 2026.
↑ Seibeb, Henny (12 May 2017). "Social Movements, Party Politics And Democracy In Namibia". The Namibian. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 13 October 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 October 2017.
1 2 Whiting, Nicky (9 February 2015). "Sand, San and sacred lands". Global. Global-briefing.org. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2025. Swapo was originally a communist party but, in common with many other far-left ruling parties in other parts of Africa, it has moved to the centre and now supports private ownership, enterprise and investment.
↑ Zollmann, Jakob (2021). Socialismes en Afrique. 54. Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme. hlm. 593–612. ISBN 9782735126996.
↑ Soiri, Iina (May 1996). The Radical Motherhood: Namibian Women's Independence Struggle. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet Research Report, No 99. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. ISBN 9789171063809.
↑ Country Reports on Human Rights Practices For 1989 (Report). US: Department of State. February 1990. Diakses tanggal 20 May 2025.
↑ Dreyer, Ronald (1994). Namibia and Southern Africa: Regional Dynamics of Decolonization, 1945-90. London: Kegan Paul International. hlm. 73–87, 100–116. ISBN 978-0710304711.
↑ Williams, Christian (October 2015). National Liberation in Postcolonial Southern Africa: A Historical Ethnography of SWAPO's Exile Camps. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 73–89. ISBN 978-1107099340.
↑ "Namibia". Africa Elects.
1 2 "Socialist Affairs" (PDF). Socialist International. 1977. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2026.
↑ "SWAPO Party of Namibia | History & Facts | Britannica". Britannica.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 24 May 2022.
↑ "Namibia's President Geingob elected leader of ruling SWAPO party". Africanews. n.d.

Pranala luar

Hoog, Tycho van der (2022). "A New Chapter in Namibian History: Reflections on Archival Research". History in Africa. – An explainer of existing archives on SWAPO.
Website of SWAPO
Website of the SWAPO Youth League Diarsipkan 4 March 2016 di Wayback Machine.
Reprint of "Namibian Voters Deny Total Power to SWAPO" by Michael Johns, The Wall Street Journal, 19 November 1989.

[1] "Klaus Dierks Chronology". klausdierks.com. Diakses tanggal 13 April 2025. The OPO's reconstitution as SWAPO is triggered by national leaders such as Sam Nujoma, Mburumba Kerina, Andimba Toivo Ya Toivo, Jacob Kuhangua, Solomon Mifima, Paul Helmuth, Andreas Shipanga, Erasmus Erastus Mbumba, Emil Appolus, Maxton Joseph Mutongulume and Carlos Hamatu

[Tötemeyer-2] Tötemeyer, Gerhard (December 2007). "The Management of a Dominant Political Party system with particular reference to Namibia" (PDF). Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. hlm. 3. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi aslinya tanggal 14 February 2012. Diakses tanggal 20 November 2019.

[3] Dauth, Timothy (17 January 1995). "From Liberation Organisations to Ruling Parties: The ANC and SWAPO in Transition". NamNet Digest, Vol. 95, no. 3. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2011.

[auto-4] 1 2 "Namibia". Africaelects.com. Diakses tanggal 15 June 2026.

[5] Seibeb, Henny (12 May 2017). "Social Movements, Party Politics And Democracy In Namibia". The Namibian. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 13 October 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 October 2017.

[Global-6] 1 2 Whiting, Nicky (9 February 2015). "Sand, San and sacred lands". Global. Global-briefing.org. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2025. Swapo was originally a communist party but, in common with many other far-left ruling parties in other parts of Africa, it has moved to the centre and now supports private ownership, enterprise and investment.

[7] Zollmann, Jakob (2021). Socialismes en Afrique. 54. Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme. hlm. 593–612. ISBN 9782735126996.

[Soiri-8] Soiri, Iina (May 1996). The Radical Motherhood: Namibian Women's Independence Struggle. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet Research Report, No 99. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. ISBN 9789171063809.

[Report-9] Country Reports on Human Rights Practices For 1989 (Report). US: Department of State. February 1990. Diakses tanggal 20 May 2025.

[Dreyer-10] Dreyer, Ronald (1994). Namibia and Southern Africa: Regional Dynamics of Decolonization, 1945-90. London: Kegan Paul International. hlm. 73–87, 100–116. ISBN 978-0710304711.

[Camp-11] Williams, Christian (October 2015). National Liberation in Postcolonial Southern Africa: A Historical Ethnography of SWAPO's Exile Camps. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 73–89. ISBN 978-1107099340.

[ae-12] "Namibia". Africa Elects.

[Social1977-13] 1 2 "Socialist Affairs" (PDF). Socialist International. 1977. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2026.

[NAM1909-14] "SWAPO Party of Namibia | History & Facts | Britannica". Britannica.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 24 May 2022.

[15] "Namibia's President Geingob elected leader of ruling SWAPO party". Africanews. n.d.

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