{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3137262157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","title":"Perspectives on the SolarWinds Incident","display_name":"Perspectives on the SolarWinds Incident","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3137262157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","mag":"3137262157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9382368/09382367.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9382368/09382367.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067720069","display_name":"Sean Peisert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-9719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Peisert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Davis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-9719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Davis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037770347","display_name":"Bruce Schneier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1453-1083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Schneier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033661137","display_name":"Hamed Okhravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1450-3744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Okhravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085639552","display_name":"Fabio Massacci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-8486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["IT","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Massacci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Trento and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-8486","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054799397","display_name":"Terry Benzel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-4648"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terry Benzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC Information Sciences Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC Information Sciences Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071443789","display_name":"Carl E. Landwehr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5824-1697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl Landwehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055898168","display_name":"Mohammad Mannan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-5858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103177278","display_name":"Jelena Mirkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-8747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Mirkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019723791","display_name":"Atul Prakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-3687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atul Prakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057042972","display_name":"James Bret Michael","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-9858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Bret Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2671,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98276978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"7","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8432021141052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.764051079750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incident-response","display_name":"Incident response","score":0.7202222347259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6423066854476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5321074724197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5200350284576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4842188358306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.45706334710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3631807267665863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1934775412082672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.06874090433120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05347847938537598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8432021141052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.764051079750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985105721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479512","display_name":"Incident response","level":2,"score":0.7202222347259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6423066854476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5321074724197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5200350284576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4842188358306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.45706334710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3631807267665863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1934775412082672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.06874090433120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05347847938537598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9382368/09382367.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire/7a7f67e9-9ffd-4def-98de-3d3db92529a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/7a7f67e9-9ffd-4def-98de-3d3db92529a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peisert, S, Schneier, B, Okhravi, H, Massacci, F, Benzel, T, Landwehr, C, Mannan, M, Mirkovic, J, Prakash, A & Michael, J B 2021, 'Perspectives on the SolarWinds Incident', IEEE Security and Privacy, vol. 19, no. 2, 9382367, pp. 7-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2021.3051235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3w71j893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w71j893","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w71j893","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy, vol 19, iss 2","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/342522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/342522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196320","display_name":"Iris (University of Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire_cris_publications/d6c8a84d-d3a3-431c-8f3f-b79791cd1cb8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/d6c8a84d-d3a3-431c-8f3f-b79791cd1cb8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Peisert , S , Schneier , B , Okhravi , H , Massacci , F , Benzel , T , Landwehr , C , Mannan , M , Mirkovic , J , Prakash , A & Michael , J B 2021 , ' Perspectives on the SolarWinds Incident ' , IEEE Security & Privacy , vol. 19 , no. 2 , 9382367 , pp. 7-13 . https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2021.3051235","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/7a7f67e9-9ffd-4def-98de-3d3db92529a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/7a7f67e9-9ffd-4def-98de-3d3db92529a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Peisert, S, Schneier, B, Okhravi, H, Massacci, F, Benzel, T, Landwehr, C, Mannan, M, Mirkovic, J, Prakash, A & Michael, J B 2021, 'Perspectives on the SolarWinds Incident', IEEE Security and Privacy, vol. 19, no. 2, 9382367, pp. 7-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2021.3051235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2021.3051235","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9382368/09382367.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3137262157.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3137262157.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490011260"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097492617","https://openalex.org/W2753240997","https://openalex.org/W1764168690","https://openalex.org/W136373522","https://openalex.org/W3152891574","https://openalex.org/W4284893819","https://openalex.org/W4316881845","https://openalex.org/W4232632923","https://openalex.org/W2775776836","https://openalex.org/W3081644756"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"significant":[1],"cybersecurity":[2],"event":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"been":[6],"discovered":[7],"in":[8],"which":[9],"malicious":[10],"actors":[11],"gained":[12],"access":[13],"to":[14],"the":[15,19,27,47],"source":[16,35],"code":[17],"for":[18],"Orion":[20],"monitoring":[21],"and":[22,30],"management":[23],"software":[24],"made":[25],"by":[26],"company":[28],"SolarWinds":[29],"inserted":[31],"malware":[32],"into":[33],"that":[34,55],"code.":[36],"This":[37],"article":[38],"contains":[39],"brief":[40],"perspectives":[41],"from":[42],"a":[43],"few":[44],"members":[45],"of":[46],"IEEE":[48],"Security":[49],"&":[50],"Privacy":[51],"editorial":[52],"board":[53],"regarding":[54],"incident.":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}