{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976371577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.811784","title":"Application of a visual model to the design of an ultra-high definition upscaler","display_name":"Application of a visual model to the design of an ultra-high definition upscaler","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976371577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.811784","mag":"1976371577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.811784","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.811784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056466112","display_name":"Jon M. Speigle","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon M. Speigle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharp Labs. of America (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharp Labs. of America (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055860947","display_name":"Dean S. Messing","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dean S. Messing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharp Labs. of America (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharp Labs. of America (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083210714","display_name":"Scott Daly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-7449"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Daly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharp Labs. of America (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharp Labs. of America (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7240","issue":null,"first_page":"72401S","last_page":"72401S"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.8378322124481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.72688889503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6099834442138672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5859801769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.568448543548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3372338116168976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.8378322124481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.72688889503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6099834442138672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5859801769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.568448543548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3372338116168976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.811784","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.811784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26020760","https://openalex.org/W55258437","https://openalex.org/W123170232","https://openalex.org/W174743333","https://openalex.org/W1579023312","https://openalex.org/W1967349352","https://openalex.org/W1973367739","https://openalex.org/W1997406943","https://openalex.org/W2007932953","https://openalex.org/W2012011918","https://openalex.org/W2026058449","https://openalex.org/W2028211488","https://openalex.org/W2035192779","https://openalex.org/W2038682676","https://openalex.org/W2044456223","https://openalex.org/W2046639008","https://openalex.org/W2049180698","https://openalex.org/W2054600094","https://openalex.org/W2067398582","https://openalex.org/W2076471588","https://openalex.org/W2077584269","https://openalex.org/W2083819958","https://openalex.org/W2092755522","https://openalex.org/W2093632841","https://openalex.org/W2095776733","https://openalex.org/W2101728695","https://openalex.org/W2104101678","https://openalex.org/W2140266201","https://openalex.org/W2145892438","https://openalex.org/W2148255984","https://openalex.org/W2157749321","https://openalex.org/W2162021721","https://openalex.org/W2167764086","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2775347418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"Visual":[1],"Model":[2],"(VM)":[3],"is":[4,34],"used":[5],"to":[6,38,61,143,191],"aid":[7],"in":[8,36],"the":[9,39,44,62,89,97,102,145,162,171,180,193,197],"design":[10,63],"of":[11,31,46,99,107,124,161,175,196],"an":[12,55],"Ultra-high":[13],"Definition":[14,21],"(UHD)":[15],"upscaling":[16,115],"algorithm":[17,47,69,76],"that":[18,58],"renders":[19],"High":[20],"legacy":[22],"content":[23],"on":[24],"a":[25,74,132,139],"UHD":[26],"display.":[27],"The":[28,52,149],"costly":[29,75],"development":[30],"such":[32],"algorithms":[33],"due,":[35],"part,":[37],"time":[40],"spent":[41],"subjectively":[42],"evaluating":[43],"adjustment":[45],"structural":[48],"variations":[49],"and":[50,127,134,137],"parameters.":[51],"VM":[53,103,172,185,198],"provides":[54],"image":[56,119,146,164],"map":[57],"gives":[59],"feedback":[60,87],"engineer":[64],"about":[65,72],"visual":[66,86],"differences":[67,120],"between":[68],"variations,":[70],"or":[71],"whether":[73],"improvement":[77,109],"will":[78],"be":[79],"visible":[80,186],"at":[81,166],"expected":[82],"viewing":[83,111,131,153],"distances.":[84,168],"Such":[85],"reduces":[88],"need":[90],"for":[91,113,121],"subjective":[92,105,181],"evaluation.":[93],"This":[94],"paper":[95],"presents":[96],"results":[98],"experimentally":[100],"verifying":[101],"against":[104],"tests":[106],"visibility":[108],"versus":[110,179],"distance":[112,154],"three":[114],"algorithms.":[116],"Observers":[117],"evaluated":[118],"upscaled":[122],"versions":[123],"high-resolution":[125],"stills":[126],"HD":[128],"(Blu-ray)":[129],"images,":[130],"reference":[133],"test":[135,163],"image,":[136],"controlled":[138],"linear":[140],"blending":[141],"weight":[142],"determine":[144],"discrimination":[147,177],"threshold.":[148],"required":[150,165],"thresholds":[151,178],"vs.":[152],"varied":[155],"as":[156],"expected,":[157],"with":[158],"larger":[159],"amounts":[160],"further":[167],"We":[169],"verify":[170],"by":[173],"comparison":[174],"predicted":[176],"data.":[182],"After":[183],"verification,":[184],"difference":[187],"maps":[188],"are":[189],"presented":[190],"illustrate":[192],"practical":[194],"use":[195],"during":[199],"design.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}