cocer

Galician

Alternative forms

• cozer (reintegrationist)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cozer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin cocere, from Latin coquere. Cognate with Portuguese cozer and Spanish cocer.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ]
• IPA^(key): (seseo) /koˈseɾ/ [koˈseɾ]

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Hyphenation: co‧cer

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cozo, first-person singular preterite cocín, past participle cocido)

1. to boil, stew

   Synonym: ferver

2. to cook

   Synonym: cociñar

3. to bake

   Synonym: enfornar

   Maruxiña da Forneira / se é que coces faime un bolo / se mo fas faimo de trigo / que o centeo non cho como (traditional song)

   Little Mary of the Baker / if you bake make a loaf for me / and if you make it, make it wheat / because I don't eat rye

4. to fire

   Synonym: enfornar

5. (flax processing) to ret
6. (wine processing) to ferment

   Synonym: fermentar

7. to digest

   Synonym: dixerir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer (c-z alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cocer
Personal	cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren
Gerund
	cocendo
Past participle
Masculine	cocido			cocidos
Feminine	cocida			cocidas
Indicative
Present	cozo	coces	coce	cocemos	cocedes	cocen
Imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cociamos	cociades	cocían
Preterite	cocín	cociches	coceu	cocemos	cocestes	coceron
Pluperfect	cocera	coceras	cocera	coceramos	cocerades	coceran
Future	cocerei	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceredes	cocerán
Conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceriamos	coceriades	cocerían
Subjunctive
Present	coza	cozas	coza	cozamos	cozades	cozan
Imperfect	cocese	coceses	cocese	cocésemos	cocésedes	cocesen
Future	cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren
Imperative
Affirmative		coce	coza	cozamos	cocede	cozan
Negative (non)		non cozas	non coza	non cozamos	non cozades	non cozan

Derived terms

• cocido
• precocer

Related terms

• cociña
• cociñeiro
• coito

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cocer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cocer”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cocer”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
• “cocer”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026

Interlingua

Etymology

Derived from French cuire, Italian cuòcere, Portuguese cozer and Spanish cocer, all from Late Latin cocō. Compare Esperanto kuiri and Ido koquar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koˈt͡ser/, /-ser/

Verb

cocer

1. (transitive) to cook (food); to bake (pottery)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer

infinitive		cocer
participle		present	perfect
		cocente	cocite, cocte
active		simple	perfect
	present	coce	ha cocite
	past	coceva	habeva cocite
	future	cocera	habera cocite
	conditional	cocerea	haberea cocite
	imperative	coce	—
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es cocite	ha essite cocite
	past	esseva cocite	habeva essite cocite
	future	essera cocite	habera essite cocite
	conditional	esserea cocite	haberea essite cocite
	imperative	sia cocite	—

Derived terms

• cocina
• coco
• coction
• decocer
• recocer

Further reading

• Alexander Gode (1951), Interlingua-English: A Dictionary of the International Language, New York: Storm Publishers, →OL

Old English

Alternative forms

• cocur

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kokar, whence also Old Frisian koker, Old Saxon kokar (Dutch koker), Old High German kohhār (German Köcher). The origin of the West Germanic word is unknown, but note that a similar word can be found in Turkic and Mongolic languages: see Proto-Mongolic *kökexür for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.ker/
• Rhymes: -o.ker

Noun

cocer m

1. a quiver for arrows
2. a case, container
3. a sheath

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	cocer	coceras
accusative	cocer	coceras
genitive	coceres	cocera
dative	cocere	cocerum

Descendants

• Middle English: coker, cuker, cokir, cocur, cokre, kokur, quequer, koker
  • English: cocker, cogger

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti

Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō

Latin *quoquō

Latin coquō

Late Latin cocere

Old Spanish cozer

Spanish cocer

Inherited from Old Spanish cozer, from Late Latin cocere, from Latin coquere. Cognate with English cook.

Some conjugated forms of the verb were reformed through analogy with the infinitive; in older Spanish, the forms cueza and cuezo were cuega and cuego (< Late Latin cocam, cocō), cocí was coxe (< Latin coxī), and the past participle was cocho (< Latin coctus).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ] (Equatorial Guinea, Spain)
• IPA^(key): /koˈseɾ/ [koˈseɾ] (Latin America, Philippines)

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: co‧cer
• Homophone: (Latin America) coser

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cuezo, first-person singular preterite cocí, past participle cocido)

1. to boil
2. to cook (only used in situations where the food being prepared is submitted to fire; such as through the processes of boiling, simmering or steaming anything; or baking bread slowly in an oven)

   cocer a fuego lento ― simmer

3. (reflexive, figurative) to brew

   Algo se está cociendo

   Something is brewing

4. (pronominal) to chafe (get sore)

   Synonyms: escocerse, escaldarse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer (irregular; o-ue alternation; c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			cocer
gerund			cociendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cocido		cocida
		plural		cocidos		cocidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cuezo	cuecestú cocésvos	cuece	cocemos	cocéis	cuecen
	imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cocíamos	cocíais	cocían
	preterite	cocí	cociste	coció	cocimos	cocisteis	cocieron
	future	coceré	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceréis	cocerán
	conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceríamos	coceríais	cocerían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cueza	cuezastú cozásvos2	cueza	cozamos	cozáis	cuezan
	imperfect (ra)	cociera	cocieras	cociera	cociéramos	cocierais	cocieran
	imperfect (se)	cociese	cocieses	cociese	cociésemos	cocieseis	cociesen
	future1	cociere	cocieres	cociere	cociéremos	cociereis	cocieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		cuecetú cocévos	cueza	cozamos	coced	cuezan
	negative		no cuezas	no cueza	no cozamos	no cozáis	no cuezan

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of cocer (irregular; o-ue alternation; c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive cocer	dative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerle, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerles, cocerse
	accusative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerlo, cocerla, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerlos, cocerlas, cocerse
with gerund cociendo	dative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndole, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndoles, cociéndose
	accusative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndolo, cociéndola, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndolos, cociéndolas, cociéndose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative cuece	dative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécele	cuécenos	not used	cuéceles
	accusative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécelo, cuécela	cuécenos	not used	cuécelos, cuécelas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative cocé	dative	coceme	cocete	cocele	cocenos	not used	coceles
	accusative	coceme	cocete	cocelo, cocela	cocenos	not used	cocelos, cocelas
with formal second-person singular imperative cueza	dative	cuézame	not used	cuézale, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézales
	accusative	cuézame	not used	cuézalo, cuézala, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézalos, cuézalas
with first-person plural imperative cozamos	dative	not used	cozámoste	cozámosle	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámosles
	accusative	not used	cozámoste	cozámoslo, cozámosla	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámoslos, cozámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative coced	dative	cocedme	not used	cocedle	cocednos	coceos	cocedles
	accusative	cocedme	not used	cocedlo, cocedla	cocednos	coceos	cocedlos, cocedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative cuezan	dative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanle	cuézannos	not used	cuézanles, cuézanse
	accusative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanlo, cuézanla	cuézannos	not used	cuézanlos, cuézanlas, cuézanse

Derived terms

• en todas partes cuecen habas
• precocer

Related terms

• bizcocho
• cocción
• cocedero
• cocedura
• cochura
• cocimiento
• cocina
• cocinar
• escocer

Descendants

• → Tagalog: kusi

Further reading

• “cocer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025