Nefertiti

Asebdad n uqerru n Nefertiti

Nefertiti d yiwet gar tgellidin yettwasnen aṭas deg umezruy n Maṣer taqburt. Isem-is, s tmaṣrit taqburt, anamek-is "Tamesrart tusa-d" neɣ "Tucbiḥt tusa-d". Tella d tameṭṭut tamezwarut (Taɣellift n Ferɛun) n Axenaṭun (Amenḥutep wis 4), i ggelden deg tuzzya n lqern wis 14 uqbel n tlallit n Ɛisa, deg tmetti n Twacult Tagellidant tis 18. Tudert-is d tsertit-is llan d amedya n tnezmart d ubeddel ameqqran deg umezruy n umaḍal.

Aẓar d Tameddurt Tamezwarut

Aẓar n Nefertiti yeqqim d arussin deg umezruy imi ulac aṭas n yisemliyen i d-yemmeslayen ɣef temẓi-s.

• Turdiwin n yimusnawen: Kra n yimnadiyen qqaren-d d yelli-s n Ay, yiwen n ugensas ameqqran d wemdan yesɛan tazrirt meqqren deg teɣremt n Amenḥutep wis 3. Wiyaḍ qqaren-d d tageldunt i d-yekkan seg tmurt n Mitanni.
• Asileɣ d usegmi: Tetturebba-d deg usatal n teɣremt tagellidant, ayen tt-yeǧǧan ad tesɛu tiwuriwin d tanfa yelhan i uselḥu n tsertit n tmurt d ussenqes n wemihi asertan.

Tagrawla Tasɣanant : Asɣan n Aten d Ifakanen Imaynuten

Nefertiti d urgaz-is Axenaten xedmen yiwet n tegrawla ibeddlen iẓuran n Maṣer taqburt, ama deg tsertit ama deg wesɣan.

• Asɣan amaynut: Bṭlen leɛbada n yilluten i d-yellan uqbel (ladɣa Amun deg Thebes), sbedden-d leɛbada n yiwen n yillu, Aten (Akayad n yiṭij). Ayagi yella d aɣan n usnulfu n umezruy amaynut d tsertit n ubeddel asɣanan.
• Tamanaɣt d Yifakanen imaynuten: Bnan tamanaɣt tamaynut iwumi semman Axetaten (Amarna n tura). Deg temdint-a, bnan aṭas n yifakanen i yillu Aten. Ifakanen-a ur llin ara s iɣraben d isqufan imedlen am zik, maca llan ldin ɣer tallunt akken tafukt ad tkcem srid ɣer wammas n ufakan.
• Asemdu ɣef tmetti: Tagrawla-a tesɛa asemdu meqqren. Bddlen alugen n tnezzut d yansayen n teɣremt, ayen i d-yewwin abeddel ameqqran deg tudert n yal ass.

Tanezmart d Tizrirt-is Tasertant

Nefertiti ur tli ara kan d tameṭṭut n uxxam, maca tella d tamendadt tunṣibt n urgaz-is deg teɣtasin meqqren n tmurt.

• Tazrirt d uqader: Tettbin-d deg aṭas n yiḍrisen d tẓuriwin am nettat am ferɛun s timmad-is. Tella tesɛa tanezmart ad d-tessiweḍ taɣtest-is.
• Amnekni deg ludabu: Deg kra n tẓuriwin, tettbin-d tewwet iɛdawen n Maṣer neɣ tettekka deg tmezgiyin n tfaskiwin. Zik-nni, anect-a yeɛna kan irgazen (Iferɛunen). Nefertit akked Axnaṭun uɣalen Sɛan amnekni deg tewwurt n udabu gar-asen.

Talɣa n Tẓuri n Amarna d Tesreɣta Tameɣraḍit

Tallit n Amarna tewwi-d abeddel meqqren deg talɣa n tẓuri tamaṣrit, tuɣal tẓuri d tin i d-yettmuddun isalen n tidet ɣef tfekka n wemdan, s uqader n tmiḍrant n ugama.

• Tasreɣta n Thutmose: Tasreɣta n Nefertiti, i yexdem umeskaṛ Thutmose ɣef wazal n 1345 uqbel tlallit n Ɛisa, tella d yiwet gar tẓuriwin tifririn yettwasnen aṭas deg umaḍal.
• Taɣara d ccbaḥa: Tessebgen-d udem-is amesrar s telqayt tameqqrant, s tewniɣt ɣef wudem d tqerruyt-is. Asebdad-a n uqerru-ines yettwakcem ass-a ɣer usalay n Neues deg Berlin (Lalman).

Tuzzya d Uɛraq : Yiwet n Tuttra n Umezruy

Ɣef wazal n useggas wis 12 n tgeldit n Axenaten, isem n Nefertiti yeɣab u yeɛreq deg yisemliyen unṣiben n teɣremt. Ayagi yeqqim d tuttra meqqren deg umezruy n tsenzikt.

• Turdiwin ɣef taggara-s:
  1. Temmut s kra n waṭṭan deg temdint n Amarna.
  2. Tbeddel isem-is tuɣal d Ferɛun i yegelden deffir urgaz-is s yisem n Smenxkarɛ (Smenkhkare), akken ad teḥrez tagdazalt n udabu.
  3. Teɣli seg wemkan-is asertan, d ayen yellan d ubrir mgal icenga-s deg teɣremt.

Nefertiti tqqim-d ar ass-a d amedya n tehregt i tsekla d tẓuri. D agerruj n umezruy yessemlalen ccbaḥa, tanezmart, d temhelt n ubeddel asɣanan d usertan n Maṣer taqburt.