{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T11:53:17Z","timestamp":1781265197428,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R0004491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R0004491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002462","name":"Chungnam National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["None"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["None"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002462","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The recovery of cerebral circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is important to improve the neurologic outcomes of cardiac arrest patients. To evaluate the feasibility of an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based prediction model as a CPR feedback indicator of high- or low-CBF carotid blood flow (CBF), the frontal EEG and hemodynamic data including CBF were measured during animal experiments with a ventricular fibrillation (VF) swine model. The most significant 10 EEG parameters in the time, frequency and entropy domains were determined by neighborhood component analysis and Student\u2019s t-test for discriminating high- or low-CBF recovery with a division criterion of 30%. As a binary CBF classifier, the performances of logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor, random forest and multilayer perceptron algorithms were compared with eight-fold cross-validation. The three-order polynomial kernel-based SVM model showed the best accuracy of 0.853. The sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and area under the curve of the SVM model were 0.807, 0.906, 0.853 and 0.909, respectively. An automated CBF classifier derived from non-invasive EEG is feasible as a potential indicator of the CBF recovery during CPR in a VF swine model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21113650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T23:35:05Z","timestamp":1621899305000},"page":"3650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["EEG-Based Prediction of the Recovery of Carotid Blood Flow during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Swine Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Heejin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2115-0078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki Hong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Jeong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2737-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunseo","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Do","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2112-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e654","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000747","article-title":"Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survivorship: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"141","author":"Sawyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802058","article-title":"Continuous Improvements in \u201cChain of Survival\u201d Increased Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests","volume":"119","author":"Iwami","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.2616","article-title":"Improving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation With a CPR Feedback Device and Refresher Simulations (CPR CARES Study)","volume":"169","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066614530839","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Values Associated With Return of Spontaneous Circulation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation","volume":"30","author":"Hartmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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