{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389956218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","title":"AutoQML: Automatic generation and training of robust quantum-inspired classifiers by using evolutionary algorithms on grayscale images","display_name":"AutoQML: Automatic generation and training of robust quantum-inspired classifiers by using evolutionary algorithms on grayscale images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389956218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036175384","display_name":"Sergio Altares-L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-6113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125392","display_name":"Centre for Automation and Robotics","ror":"https://ror.org/02wh02235","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210125392","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Altares-L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Centre for Automation and Robotics-CAR (CSIC-UPM), Ctra. Campo Real km. 0, 200, 28500, Arganda, Spain","Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Programa de Doctorado en Autom\u00e1tica y Rob\u00f3tica, Calle de Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-6113","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Centre for Automation and Robotics-CAR (CSIC-UPM), Ctra. Campo Real km. 0, 200, 28500, Arganda, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125392","https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Programa de Doctorado en Autom\u00e1tica y Rob\u00f3tica, Calle de Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033237621","display_name":"Juan Jos\u00e9 Garc\u00eda\u2010Ripoll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8993-4624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095385","display_name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica Fundamental","ror":"https://ror.org/009wseg80","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210095385"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Jos\u00e9 Garc\u00eda-Ripoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Instituto de F\u00edsica Fundamental (IFF), CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8993-4624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Instituto de F\u00edsica Fundamental (IFF), CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095385","https://openalex.org/I134820265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041166102","display_name":"\u00c1ngela Ribeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-8132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125392","display_name":"Centre for Automation and Robotics","ror":"https://ror.org/02wh02235","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210125392","https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angela Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Centre for Automation and Robotics-CAR (CSIC-UPM), Ctra. Campo Real km. 0, 200, 28500, Arganda, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-8132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Centre for Automation and Robotics-CAR (CSIC-UPM), Ctra. Campo Real km. 0, 200, 28500, Arganda, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125392","https://openalex.org/I134820265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041166102"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210125392"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"fwci":4.7773,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96088406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"244","issue":null,"first_page":"122984","last_page":"122984"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.6958751678466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6951889395713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.6295266151428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6254673600196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.6224958300590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.5963433980941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5262693166732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5003588199615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.47829777002334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.44668492674827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4339786767959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.40735045075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33421841263771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.21843156218528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.13860327005386353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.6958751678466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6951889395713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.6295266151428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6254673600196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.6224958300590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.5963433980941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5262693166732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5003588199615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.47829777002334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.44668492674827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4339786767959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.40735045075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33421841263771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.21843156218528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.13860327005386353}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/359100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/359100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400616","display_name":"DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","host_organization_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"art\u00edculo"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13144211","display_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","issn_l":"0957-4174","issn":["0957-4174","1873-6793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Systems with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529944915","https://openalex.org/W2005650084","https://openalex.org/W2015811642","https://openalex.org/W2055991985","https://openalex.org/W2057261601","https://openalex.org/W2092756565","https://openalex.org/W2103956991","https://openalex.org/W2104469471","https://openalex.org/W2108604074","https://openalex.org/W2109042184","https://openalex.org/W2117756735","https://openalex.org/W2122274805","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2181298752","https://openalex.org/W2275410481","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2605314871","https://openalex.org/W2606006859","https://openalex.org/W2757561097","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2792946961","https://openalex.org/W2794444783","https://openalex.org/W2798434869","https://openalex.org/W2808979145","https://openalex.org/W2885406807","https://openalex.org/W2888774813","https://openalex.org/W2896712926","https://openalex.org/W2898401615","https://openalex.org/W2903891684","https://openalex.org/W2922968028","https://openalex.org/W2944084836","https://openalex.org/W2963662479","https://openalex.org/W2980103252","https://openalex.org/W2980446414","https://openalex.org/W2989257188","https://openalex.org/W2995742898","https://openalex.org/W3014691782","https://openalex.org/W3023464418","https://openalex.org/W3040214011","https://openalex.org/W3046283084","https://openalex.org/W3046464156","https://openalex.org/W3090958492","https://openalex.org/W3094176426","https://openalex.org/W3098400458","https://openalex.org/W3100931082","https://openalex.org/W3101122608","https://openalex.org/W3101925575","https://openalex.org/W3103368073","https://openalex.org/W3104396616","https://openalex.org/W3104962094","https://openalex.org/W3105380624","https://openalex.org/W3105640580","https://openalex.org/W3106718099","https://openalex.org/W3121383614","https://openalex.org/W3122410042","https://openalex.org/W3123384699","https://openalex.org/W3124082267","https://openalex.org/W3126953245","https://openalex.org/W3132743969","https://openalex.org/W3134339438","https://openalex.org/W3134447224","https://openalex.org/W3136233239","https://openalex.org/W3140011305","https://openalex.org/W3150462322","https://openalex.org/W3158295928","https://openalex.org/W3158633919","https://openalex.org/W3159655884","https://openalex.org/W3165351650","https://openalex.org/W3171439077","https://openalex.org/W3173496225","https://openalex.org/W3173713405","https://openalex.org/W3192682950","https://openalex.org/W3196492698","https://openalex.org/W3210629450","https://openalex.org/W3217410572","https://openalex.org/W4200197520","https://openalex.org/W4205440014","https://openalex.org/W4205571210","https://openalex.org/W4226105042","https://openalex.org/W4237083907","https://openalex.org/W4281642797","https://openalex.org/W4300988299","https://openalex.org/W4301085984","https://openalex.org/W4383599263","https://openalex.org/W4384818520","https://openalex.org/W4385701164","https://openalex.org/W6632525437","https://openalex.org/W6676279030","https://openalex.org/W6679785901","https://openalex.org/W6685807329","https://openalex.org/W6758748852","https://openalex.org/W6780331195","https://openalex.org/W6781846257","https://openalex.org/W6782095439","https://openalex.org/W6786314885","https://openalex.org/W6792358862","https://openalex.org/W6794653238","https://openalex.org/W6796703365","https://openalex.org/W6800403941","https://openalex.org/W6804056249","https://openalex.org/W6837117956","https://openalex.org/W6840250719","https://openalex.org/W6855632143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2752972570","https://openalex.org/W4310873165","https://openalex.org/W2355395139","https://openalex.org/W2002563186","https://openalex.org/W2550292406","https://openalex.org/W1606502848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"hybrid":[2],"system":[3],"is":[4,22,45,54,83,96,138],"proposed":[5,43],"for":[6,150],"automatically":[7],"generating":[8],"and":[9,34,47,74,101,107,121,131,144],"training":[10],"quantum-inspired":[11],"classifiers":[12],"on":[13,37],"grayscale":[14],"images":[15,82],"by":[16,70,85,104],"using":[17,86],"multiobjective":[18],"genetic":[19],"algorithms.":[20],"It":[21],"defined":[23],"a":[24,108,123],"dynamic":[25],"fitness":[26],"function":[27],"to":[28,127,132,140],"obtain":[29],"the":[30,42,50,56,59,65,81,99,105,135,141,146],"smallest":[31],"circuit":[32,143],"complexity":[33,57],"highest":[35],"accuracy":[36],"unseen":[38],"data,":[39],"ensuring":[40],"that":[41,134],"technique":[44,148],"generalizable":[46],"robust.":[48],"At":[49],"same":[51],"time,":[52],"it":[53],"minimized":[55],"of":[58,64,67,76,80],"generated":[60],"circuits":[61],"in":[62],"terms":[63],"number":[66,75],"entangling":[68],"operators":[69],"penalizing":[71],"their":[72,129],"appearance":[73],"gates.":[77],"The":[78],"size":[79],"reduced":[84],"two":[87,114],"dimensionality":[88,151],"reduction":[89],"approaches:":[90],"principal":[91],"component":[92],"analysis":[93],"(PCA),":[94],"which":[95],"encoded":[97],"within":[98],"individual":[100],"genetically":[102],"optimized":[103],"system,":[106],"small":[109],"convolutional":[110],"autoencoder":[111],"(CAE).":[112],"These":[113],"methods":[115],"are":[116],"compared":[117],"with":[118,122],"one":[119],"another":[120],"classical":[124],"nonlinear":[125],"approach":[126],"understand":[128],"behaviors":[130],"ensure":[133],"classification":[136],"ability":[137],"due":[139],"quantum":[142],"not":[145],"preprocessing":[147],"used":[149],"reduction.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-31T08:46:17.908082","created_date":"2023-12-20T00:00:00"}