{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018155822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2539032.2539034","title":"Consistent thinning of large geographical data for map visualization","display_name":"Consistent thinning of large geographical data for map visualization","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018155822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2539032.2539034","mag":"2018155822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2539032.2539034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2539032.2539034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90119964","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Database Systems","issn_l":"0362-5915","issn":["0362-5915","1557-4644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Database Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114259175","display_name":"Anish Das Sarma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anish Das Sarma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research","[Google Research]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Google Research]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081157085","display_name":"Hongrae Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongrae Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research","[Google Research]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Google Research]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025157051","display_name":"H\u00e9ctor Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-4201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hector Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research","[Google Research]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Google Research]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034699810","display_name":"Jayant Madhavan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayant Madhavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research","[Google Research]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Google Research]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067621853","display_name":"Alon Halevy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-7356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alon Halevy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research","[Google Research]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Google Research]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6794065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.802657961845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7544811964035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom","display_name":"Zoom","score":0.6268994212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-traversal","display_name":"Tree traversal","score":0.6185286641120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.494415283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.481862872838974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.47462451457977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4461449980735779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.42762547731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4254446029663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geovisualization","display_name":"Geovisualization","score":0.41564589738845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.36973923444747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2622917592525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-visualization","display_name":"Information visualization","score":0.18981406092643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1675117015838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.12275239825248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09574967622756958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.802657961845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7544811964035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124913957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232548","display_name":"Zoom","level":3,"score":0.6268994212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140745168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1210082","display_name":"Tree traversal","level":2,"score":0.6185286641120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.494415283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.481862872838974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.47462451457977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4461449980735779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.42762547731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4254446029663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12380541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58300","display_name":"Geovisualization","level":4,"score":0.41564589738845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.36973923444747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2622917592525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185578843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10609775","display_name":"Information visualization","level":3,"score":0.18981406092643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1675117015838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.12275239825248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09574967622756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2539032.2539034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2539032.2539034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90119964","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Database Systems","issn_l":"0362-5915","issn":["0362-5915","1557-4644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Database Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16075285","https://openalex.org/W194017790","https://openalex.org/W272982077","https://openalex.org/W276224435","https://openalex.org/W1486039312","https://openalex.org/W1515453647","https://openalex.org/W1589213590","https://openalex.org/W1594453896","https://openalex.org/W1771934333","https://openalex.org/W1963547452","https://openalex.org/W1974399269","https://openalex.org/W1983719085","https://openalex.org/W2009688537","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2017390502","https://openalex.org/W2044201375","https://openalex.org/W2059907446","https://openalex.org/W2060313941","https://openalex.org/W2072605585","https://openalex.org/W2074429597","https://openalex.org/W2087022699","https://openalex.org/W2088009038","https://openalex.org/W2093189534","https://openalex.org/W2093766169","https://openalex.org/W2094174879","https://openalex.org/W2113534353","https://openalex.org/W2118269922","https://openalex.org/W2123060058","https://openalex.org/W2138350120","https://openalex.org/W2138722877","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2143837702","https://openalex.org/W2272473773","https://openalex.org/W2329579984","https://openalex.org/W2733215005","https://openalex.org/W2769954494","https://openalex.org/W2983296203","https://openalex.org/W3022307797","https://openalex.org/W4240774490","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6701975966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W170547082","https://openalex.org/W3110101717","https://openalex.org/W4287647396","https://openalex.org/W3090291499","https://openalex.org/W2361165494","https://openalex.org/W4301373648","https://openalex.org/W3197280347","https://openalex.org/W1968490601","https://openalex.org/W2105200106","https://openalex.org/W2041394542"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large-scale":[0],"map":[1,23],"visualization":[2],"systems":[3],"play":[4],"an":[5,121,160,199],"increasingly":[6],"important":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,39,254],"presenting":[10],"geographic":[11],"datasets":[12,17],"to":[13,28,36,57,100,125,150],"end-users.":[14],"Since":[15],"these":[16],"can":[18,89],"be":[19,58,126],"extremely":[20],"large,":[21],"a":[22,30,40,82,147,184,214,270],"rendering":[24,96],"system":[25],"often":[26],"needs":[27,99,124],"select":[29],"small":[31],"fraction":[32],"of":[33,49,55,72,81,84,91,97,139,183,194,217,230,260,272],"the":[34,46,69,73,75,119,151,157,190,228,276,279],"data":[35,56,88,98,106],"visualize":[37],"them":[38],"limited":[41],"space.":[42],"This":[43,141],"article":[44,142,253],"addresses":[45],"fundamental":[47],"challenge":[48],"thinning":[50,76,152,167],":":[51],"determining":[52],"appropriate":[53],"samples":[54],"shown":[59],"on":[60,129,180],"specific":[61],"geographical":[62,93],"regions":[63,210,222],"and":[64,112,115,137,145,197,235,267],"zoom":[65,110],"levels.":[66],"Other":[67],"than":[68],"sheer":[70],"scale":[71],"data,":[74],"problem":[77,158],"is":[78,243],"challenging":[79],"because":[80],"number":[83],"other":[85],"reasons:":[86],"(1)":[87],"consist":[90],"complex":[92],"shapes,":[94],"(2)":[95],"satisfy":[101],"certain":[102],"constraints,":[103,120],"such":[104,131],"as":[105,132,159],"being":[107],"preserved":[108],"across":[109],"levels":[111],"adjacent":[113],"regions,":[114],"(3)":[116],"after":[117],"satisfying":[118],"optimal":[122],"solution":[123,149],"chosen":[127],"based":[128,179],"objectives":[130],"maximality":[133,218],",":[134,136],"fairness":[135],"importance":[138],"data.":[140],"formally":[143],"defines":[144],"presents":[146],"complete":[148],"problem.":[153],"First,":[154],"we":[155,172,188,206,226,246,268],"express":[156],"integer":[161,232],"programming":[162,233],"formulation":[163,234],"that":[164,208,237,274],"efficiently":[165],"solves":[166],"for":[168,177,213,219,238],"desired":[169],"objectives.":[170],"Second,":[171],"present":[173,198],"more":[174,201],"efficient":[175,202],"solutions":[176],"maximality,":[178],"DFS":[181],"traversal":[182],"spatial":[185],"tree.":[186],"Third,":[187],"consider":[189],"common":[191],"special":[192],"case":[193],"point":[195,239],"datasets,":[196,240],"even":[200],"randomized":[203],"algorithm.":[204],"Fourth,":[205],"show":[207,236],"contiguous":[209],"are":[211,223],"tractable":[212],"general":[215],"version":[216],"which":[220],"arbitrary":[221],"intractable.":[224],"Fifth,":[225],"examine":[227],"structure":[229],"our":[231,241],"program":[242],"integral.":[244],"Finally,":[245],"have":[247],"implemented":[248],"all":[249],"techniques":[250],"from":[251],"this":[252],"Google":[255],"Maps":[256],"[Google":[257],"2005]":[258],"visualizations":[259],"fusion":[261],"tables":[262],"[Gonzalez":[263],"et":[264],"al.":[265],"2010],":[266],"describe":[269],"set":[271],"experiments":[273],"demonstrate":[275],"trade-offs":[277],"among":[278],"algorithms.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}