The color code, the surface code, and the transversal CNOT: NP-hardness of minimum-weight decoding.

Lily Wang Lily Wang 0001 Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Nashville, TN, USA Li Wang 0035 Lily Wang 0002 Iowa State University, Department of Statistics, Ames, IA, USA University of Georgia, Department of Statistics, Athens, GA, USA Michigan State University, MI USA http://lilywang.public.iastate.edu/ https://faculty.sites.iastate.edu/lilywang/ http://www.stat.uga.edu/people/faculty/lily-wang https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fmsRm20AAAAJ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8432-9986 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-0415

Shouzhen Gu Lily Wang Aleksander Kubica The color code, the surface code, and the transversal CNOT: NP-hardness of minimum-weight decoding. 2026 March abs/2603.22064 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.22064 db/journals/corr/corr2603.html#abs-2603-22064 streams/journals/corr

Balaji Iyer Brady J. Williamson V. B. Surya Prasath Bruce J. Aronow Pooja Khatri Heidi Sucharew Vivek Khandwala Joseph LaPorta Lily Wang Rebecca Cornelius Mary Gaskill-Shipley Thomas Tomsick David Wang Thomas Maloney Paul S. Horn Janice Carrozzella Brett M. Kissela Achala Vagal NeuroGleam: Illuminating Small Vessel Disease Detection Through Deep Learning Based Segmentation of Brain MRI White Matter Hyperintensities. AIPR 2025 508-521 conf/aipr/2025 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-18474-0_35 db/conf/aipr/aipr2025.html#IyerWPAKSKLWCGTWMHCKV25 streams/conf/aipr Greg Bodwin Michael Dinitz Ama Koranteng Lily Wang Light Edge Fault Tolerant Graph Spanners. 32:1-32:20 2025 ICALP https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2025.32 conf/icalp/2025 db/conf/icalp/icalp2025.html#BodwinDKW25 Ziyang Zhang Lily Wang Weimin Meng Chang Liu Hui Shao Yan V. Sun Jingchuan Guo Jiang Bian 0001 Rui Yin 0002 Carl Yang 0001 Type 2 Diabetes Subtyping via Phenotype and Genotype Co-Learning. 1064-1068 2025 MedInfo https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251002 conf/medinfo/2025 db/conf/medinfo/medinfo2025.html#ZhangWMLSSGBY025 Greg Bodwin Lily Wang Improved Shortest Path Restoration Lemmas for Multiple Edge Failures: Trade-offs Between Fault-tolerance and Subpaths. 5245-5262 2025 SODA https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611978322.179 conf/soda/2025 db/conf/soda/soda2025.html#BodwinW25

Alon Jacovi Andrew Wang Chris Alberti Connie Tao Jon Lipovetz Kate Olszewska Lukas Haas Michelle Liu Nate Keating Adam Bloniarz Carl Saroufim Corey Fry Dror Marcus Doron Kukliansky Gaurav Singh Tomar James Swirhun Jinwei Xing Lily Wang Madhu Gurumurthy Michael Aaron Moran Ambar Rachana Fellinger Rui Wang Zizhao Zhang Sasha Goldshtein Dipanjan Das 0001 The FACTS Grounding Leaderboard: Benchmarking LLMs' Ability to Ground Responses to Long-Form Input. 2025 January abs/2501.03200 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.03200 db/journals/corr/corr2501.html#abs-2501-03200 streams/journals/corr

Greg Bodwin Michael Dinitz Ama Koranteng Lily Wang Light Edge Fault Tolerant Graph Spanners. 2025 February abs/2502.10890 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.10890 db/journals/corr/corr2502.html#abs-2502-10890 streams/journals/corr

Aileen Cheng Alon Jacovi Amir Globerson Ben Golan Charles Kwong Chris Alberti Connie Tao Eyal Ben-David Gaurav Singh Tomar Lukas Haas Yonatan Bitton Adam Bloniarz Aijun Bai Andrew Wang Anfal Siddiqui Arturo Bajuelos Castillo Aviel Atias Chang Liu Corey Fry Daniel Balle Deepanway Ghosal Doron Kukliansky Dror Marcus Elena Gribovskaya Eran Ofek Honglei Zhuang Itay Laish Jan Ackermann Lily Wang Meg Risdal Megan Barnes Michael Fink Mohamed Amin Moran Ambar Natan Potikha Nikita Gupta Nitzan Katz Noam Velan Ofir Roval Ori Ram Polina Zablotskaia Prathamesh Bang Priyanka Agrawal Rakesh Ghiya Sanjay Ganapathy Simon Baumgartner Sofia Erell Sushant Prakash Thibault Sellam Vikram Rao Xuanhui Wang Yaroslav Akulov Yulong Yang Zhen Yang Zhixin Lai Zhongru Wu Anca Dragan Avinatan Hassidim Fernando Pereira 0003 Slav Petrov Srinivasan Venkatachary Tulsee Doshi Yossi Matias Sasha Goldshtein Dipanjan Das 0001 The FACTS Leaderboard: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Large Language Model Factuality. 2025 December abs/2512.10791 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.10791 db/journals/corr/corr2512.html#abs-2512-10791 streams/journals/corr

David Lukacsovich Deirdre O'shea Hanchen Huang Wei Zhang 0280 Juan Young X. Steven Chen Sven-Thorsten Dietrich Brian Kunkle Eden Martin Lily Wang MIAMI-AD (Methylation in Aging and Methylation in AD): an integrative knowledgebase that facilitates explorations of DNA methylation across sex, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. 2024 January 2024 Database J. Biol. Databases Curation https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae061 db/journals/biodb/biodb2024.html#LukacsovichOHZYCDKMW24 streams/journals/biodb

Viswanath Nagarajan Lily Wang Online Generalized Network Design Under (Dis)Economies of Scale. 107-124 2024 49 Math. Oper. Res. 1 https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2022.1349 db/journals/mor/mor49.html#NagarajanW24

Irfan Alibay Lily Wang Fiona Naughton Ian M. Kenney Jonathan Barnoud Richard J. Gowers Oliver Beckstein MDAKits: A Framework for FAIR-Compliant Molecular Simulation Analysis. 76-84 2023 SciPy https://doi.org/10.25080/gerudo-f2bc6f59-00a conf/scipy/2023 db/conf/scipy/scipy2023.html#AlibayWNKBGB23

Yuanqing Wang Iván Pulido Kenichiro Takaba Benjamin Kaminow Jenke Scheen Lily Wang John D. Chodera EspalomaCharge: Machine learning-enabled ultra-fast partial charge assignment. 2023 abs/2302.06758 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.06758 db/journals/corr/corr2302.html#abs-2302-06758

Greg Bodwin Lily Wang Improved Shortest Path Restoration Lemmas for Multiple Edge Failures: Trade-offs Between Fault-tolerance and Subpaths. 2023 abs/2309.07964 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2309.07964 db/journals/corr/corr2309.html#abs-2309-07964

Lily Wang Megan L. O'Mara PsiRESP: calculating RESP charges with Psi4. 4100 2022 7 J. Open Source Softw. 73 https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04100 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q113306542 db/journals/jossw/jossw7.html#WangO22

Euiwoong Lee Viswanath Nagarajan Lily Wang On some variants of Euclidean k-supplier. 115-121 2022 50 Oper. Res. Lett. 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2022.01.003 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q114143886 db/journals/orl/orl50.html#LeeNW22

Viswanath Nagarajan Lily Wang Online Generalized Network Design Under (Dis)Economies of Scale. 2819-2829 2021 SODA https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611976465.167 conf/soda/2021 db/conf/soda/soda2021.html#NagarajanW21

Euiwoong Lee Viswanath Nagarajan Lily Wang On Some Variants of Euclidean K-Supplier. 2021 abs/2112.01700 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.01700 db/journals/corr/corr2112.html#abs-2112-01700

Viswanath Nagarajan Lily Wang Online Generalized Network Design Under (Dis)Economies of Scale. 2020 abs/2007.07721 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.07721 db/journals/corr/corr2007.html#abs-2007-07721

Amar Koleti Raymond Terryn Vasileios Stathias Caty Chung Daniel J. Cooper John Paul Turner Dusica Vidovic Michele Forlin Tanya T. Kelley Alessandro D'Urso Bryce K. Allen Denis Torre Kathleen M. Jagodnik Lily Wang Sherry L. Jenkins Christopher Mader Wen Niu Mehdi Fazel Naim Al Mahi Marcin Pilarczyk Nicholas A. Clark Behrouz Shamsaei Jarek Meller Juozas Vasiliauskas John Reichard Mario Medvedovic Avi Ma'ayan Ajay Pillai Stephan C. Schürer Data Portal for the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) program: integrated access to diverse large-scale cellular perturbation response data. D558-D566 2018 46 Nucleic Acids Res. Database-Issue https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx1063 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47135849 db/journals/nar/nar46.html#KoletiTSCCTVFKD18

Lily Wang Zhenxian Shi Polun Chang Lin Li Jianfen Wang Hua He Liya Gao Lixue Wang Leijin Li A Study of the Feasibility of the Scoring System of the Nursing Clinical Skills Developed by Nursing Staff. 213-216 2018 Nursing Informatics https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-872-3-213 conf/ni/2018 db/conf/ni/ni2018.html#WangSCLWHGWL18

Daniel Shine Himali Weerahandi Katherine Hochman Lily Wang Martha Radford Guided ordering: Clinician interactions with complex order-sets. 73-79 2013 82 Int. J. Medical Informatics 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2012.03.003 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34228992 db/journals/ijmi/ijmi82.html#ShineWHWR13

Lily Wang Cross-Section Reconstruction with a Fan-Beam Scanning Geometry. 264-268 1977 26 IEEE Trans. Computers 3 db/journals/tc/tc26.html#Wang77 https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.1977.1674815 http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TC.1977.1674815

Lily Wang Error Probability of a Binary Noncoherent FSK System in the Presence of Two CW Tone Interferers. 1948-1949 1974 22 IEEE Trans. Commun. 12 https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1974.1092143 db/journals/tcom/tcom22.html#Wang74

Michael Aaron Jan Ackermann Priyanka Agrawal Yaroslav Akulov Christopher AlbertiChris Alberti Irfan Alibay Bryce K. Allen Moran Ambar Mohamed Amin Bruce J. Aronow Aviel Atias Aijun Bai Daniel Balle Prathamesh Bang Megan Barnes Jonathan Barnoud Simon Baumgartner Oliver Beckstein Eyal Ben-David Jiang Bian 0001 Yonatan Bitton Adam Bloniarz Gregory BodwinGreg Bodwin Janice Carrozzella Arturo Bajuelos Castillo Polun Chang X. Steven Chen Aileen Cheng John D. Chodera Caty Chung Nicholas A. Clark Daniel J. Cooper Rebecca Cornelius Dipanjan Das 0001 Sven-Thorsten Dietrich Michael Dinitz Tulsee Doshi Anca Dragan Alessandro D'Urso Sofia Erell Mehdi Fazel Rachana Fellinger Michael Fink Michele Forlin Corey Fry Sanjay Ganapathy Liya Gao Mary Gaskill-Shipley Rakesh Ghiya Deepanway Ghosal Amir Globerson Ben Golan Sasha Goldshtein Richard J. Gowers Elena Gribovskaya Shouzhen Gu Jingchuan Guo Nikita Gupta Madhu Gurumurthy Lukas Haas Avinatan Hassidim Hua He Katherine Hochman Paul S. Horn Hanchen Huang Balaji Iyer Alon Jacovi Kathleen M. Jagodnik Sherry L. Jenkins Benjamin Kaminow Nitzan Katz Nate Keating Tanya T. Kelley Ian M. Kenney Vivek Khandwala Pooja Khatri Brett M. Kissela Amar Koleti Ama Koranteng Aleksander Kubica Doron Kukliansky Brian Kunkle Charles Kwong Zhixin Lai Itay Laish Joseph LaPorta Euiwoong Lee Leijin Li Lin Li Jon Lipovetz Chang Liu Michelle Liu David Lukacsovich Avi Ma'ayan Christopher Mader Naim Al Mahi Thomas Maloney Dror Marcus Eden Martin Yossi Matias Mario Medvedovic Jaroslaw MellerJarek Meller Weimin Meng Viswanath Nagarajan Fiona Naughton Wen Niu Eran Ofek Kate Olszewska Megan L. O'Mara Deirdre O'shea Fernando Pereira 0003 Slav Petrov Marcin Pilarczyk Ajay Pillai Natan Potikha Sushant Prakash V. B. Surya Prasath Iván Pulido Martha Radford Ori Ram Vikram Rao John Reichard Megan RisdalMeg Risdal Ofir Roval Carl Saroufim Jenke Scheen Stephan C. Schürer Thibault Sellam Behrouz Shamsaei Hui Shao Zhenxian Shi Daniel Shine Anfal Siddiqui Vasileios Stathias Heidi Sucharew Yan V. Sun James Swirhun Kenichiro Takaba Connie Tao Raymond Terryn Gaurav TomarGaurav Singh Tomar Thomas Tomsick Denis Torre John Paul Turner Achala Vagal Juozas Vasiliauskas Noam Velan Srinivasan Venkatachary Dusica Vidovic Andrew Wang David Wang Jianfen Wang Lixue Wang Rui Wang Xuanhui Wang Yuanqing Wang Himali Weerahandi Brady J. Williamson Zhongru Wu Jinwei Xing Carl Yang 0001 Yulong Yang Zhen Yang Rui Yin 0002 Juan Young Polina Zablotskaia Wei Zhang 0280 Ziyang Zhang Zizhao Zhang Honglei Zhuang