Khartal

Khartal
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	percussion instrument (en)

Kusa da wasu tubalan khartal guda biyu

Kusa da khartal

Dan wasan zanen gadon khartal, Rajasthan

Khartal wata tsohuwar kayan kiɗa ce da aka fi amfani da ita a waƙoƙin ibada da na gargajiya. Sunanta ya samo asali ne daga kalmomin Sanskrit guda biyu: “kara” wato hannu, da “tala” wato tafawa. Wannan kayan kiɗa da ake yi da itace ana buga shi ta hanyar tafawa, kuma yana daga cikin nau’in Ghana Vadya, wato kayan kiɗa masu faranti ko faifai da ke fitar da sautin kara lokacin da aka buga su tare. Yana cikin rukunin kayan kiɗa na idiophone, wato kayan kiɗa da ke fitar da sauti da kansu, inda jikinsu shi ne ke rawa da kuma zama mai ƙara sautin (vibrator da resonator a lokaci guda).

Yawanci ana yin sa ne da itace ko ƙarfe, ɗan wasan khartal zai riƙe khartal 'namiji' da 'mace' a kowane hannu. Khartal 'namiji' yawanci ya fi kauri kuma ana riƙe shi da babban yatsa yayin da khartal 'mace' yawanci ya fi siriri kuma galibi yana daidaita shi akan yatsan zobe, wanda ke wakiltar abin da ke cikin wuta. Yana da alaƙa da rana da chakra na tushen. Ƙarfinsa yana da alaƙa da ƙarfi mai dorewa, juriya, da ikon yin juriya.

An yi amfani da katakan katako guda biyu da aka haɗa da kararrawa a kansu a matsayin farkon nau'in khartal. Waɗannan guntun katako ba su da alaƙa ta kowace hanya. Ana iya tafa su tare da sauri mai sauri don yin waƙoƙi masu sauri da rikitarwa. Baya ga kasancewa kayan aiki mai kyau na raka, khartal ɗin ana daraja shi da kasancewa kayan aikin bugun da ake iya ɗauka da sauri.

1. Kartals (toshe-toshe) . Ya ƙunshi tubalan katako guda biyu tare da jingles ko crotales (kartals yana nufin crotales). Ana amfani da guda ɗaya a hannun mawaƙin. Ana iya tafa waɗannan guntun a babban gudu don yin bugun mai rikitarwa mai sauri.

2. Kartals (ƙananan zanen gado) . Ya ƙunshi guda biyu na itace masu sirara, masu tauri kamar ƙasusuwan bugun dutse (kayan aiki) . Ana amfani da waɗannan a Rajasthan .

3. Kartals (kuge) . Karatalas ƙananan kuge ne, wanda aka fi sani da manjeera . Ana amfani da su a cikin waƙoƙin ibada.

A Maharashtra Kartals an fi saninsu da Chipaḷyā ( Marathi: चिपळ्या ) Ana amfani da shi sosai a waƙoƙin addini kamar Kirtans da Bhajans .

A Bangladesh da West Bengal, kartals ( Bengali: খরতাল ) ana amfani da su sosai a waƙoƙin addini kamar Kirtans da Bhajans .

A Odisha, an fi sanin su da dāsåkāṭhi ( Odia : ଦାସକାଠି), wanda kusan kayan kida ne makamancin haka. Ana amfani da shi musamman a cikin salon wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya wanda ya samo sunansa daga kayan kida da kansa, dāsåkāṭhiā ( Odia : ଦାସକାଠିଆ). Rāmåtāḷi ( Odia : ରାମତାଳି) wani nau'in daban ne da ke da alaƙa da Ramayana, a cewar wani tatsuniyar gargajiya ta Odia.

Nau'in Biraha na kabilar Bhojpuri yana amfani da nau'in Kartal wanda ya ƙunshi sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu masu kauri, kowannensu tsawonsu ya kai inci tara. Mawakin Biraha Bihari Lal Yadav ne ya ƙirƙiro wannan nau'in Kartal kuma ana amfani da shi ne kawai yayin rera waƙar Biraha. Mawakin yana riƙe da ma'auratan a hannunsa yana buga su don samar da kiɗa yayin da yake waƙa.

A yaren Telugu, kalmar Karatāḷa Dhvani galibi ana amfani da ita ne don sautin da aka samar daga tafa hannuwa.

Duba kuma

• Tingsha
• Zill
• Castanets
• Simbali