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. 2020 Jul 12;20(14):3880.
doi: 10.3390/s20143880.

Analytical TCP Model for Millimeter-Wave 5G NR Systems in Dynamic Human Body Blockage Environment

Dmitri Moltchanov  1 , Aleksandr Ometov  1 , Pavel Kustarev  2 , Oleg Evsutin  3 , Jiri Hosek  4 , Yevgeni Koucheryavy  1   3
Affiliations

Analytical TCP Model for Millimeter-Wave 5G NR Systems in Dynamic Human Body Blockage Environment

Dmitri Moltchanov et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Dynamic blockage of radio propagation paths between the user equipment (UE) and the 5G New Radio (NR) Base Station (BS) induces abrupt rate fluctuations that may lead to sub-optimal performance of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol. In this work, we characterize the effects of dynamic human blockage on TCP throughput at the 5G NR air interface. To this aim, we develop an analytical model that expresses the TCP throughput as a function of the round-trip time (RTT), environmental, and radio system parameters. Our results indicate that the blockage affects TCP throughput only when the RTT is comparable to the blocked and non-blocked state durations when the frequency of state changes is high. However, such conditions are not typical for dynamic body blockage environments allowing TCP to benefit from the high bandwidth of 5G NR systems fully.

Keywords: 5G NR; TCP; analysis; blockage; mmWave.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Example Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) throughput in the presence of dynamic blockage.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Two possible relations between T1 and τ1,0.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Example dynamic line-of-sight (LoS) blockage phenomenon [5].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of model and simulation results.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Blocked and non-blocked durations as functions of user equipment (UE)-Base Station (BS) distance and blockers’ density.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Blocked and non-blocked durations as a function of blockers’ speed.
Figure 7
Figure 7
TCP throughput as a function of UE-BS distance.
Figure 8
Figure 8
TCP throughput as a function of blocker’s density, vB=1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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