1943 in Italy
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Events from the year 1943 in Italy. This year was dominated by Italy's participation in the Second World War, where Italy initially strove to establish a new Roman Empire. Following the Allied invasion of Italy, longtime Italian dictator and Duce Benito Mussolini was toppled, alongside his regime, with the new government signing an armistice with the Allied powers. Italy declared war on axis-power and ally Germany, joining the Allies as a co-belligerent. Germany responded by disarming the Italian military, freeing Mussolini, and establishing the Italian Social Republic, continuing the Italian campaign.
Incumbents
[edit]Kingdom of Italy
[edit]- King of Italy – Victor Emmanuel III[1]
- Prime Minister and Il Duce – Benito Mussolini,[2] until July 25, then Pietro Badoglio as Prime Minister[3]
Italian Social Republic
[edit]- Duce della Repubblica Sociale Italiana – Benito Mussolini (from September)
Events
[edit]- 3 January – British forces launch a human torpedo attack in Palermo; the light cruiser Ulpio and a tanker are damaged.[4]
- 14–23 January – At the Casablanca Conference, the two primary Western allied powers: the United Kingdom and the United States arrive at a consensus over grand strategy in the European theatre. They agree to focus on the Mediterranean by invading Sicily; the Allied leaders also continue to demand Italy's unconditional surrender.[5]
- 5 March – A strike wave takes place throughout northern Italy, reaching Milan and other cities of Lombardy in late March and continuing into April. Around 100,000 workers take part in Turin alone.
- 11 June – Allied forces invade and capture the island of Pantelleria, located close to key island of Sicily.[3]
- 3 September
- The Italian government, under Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio, signs an armistice with Allied forces.[3]
- Allied forces invade mainland Italy; Bernard Montgomery's Eighth Army crosses the Strait of Messina into southern Calabria.[3]
- 9 September
- Operation Avalanche occurs; allied forces, under the command of Mark Clark, land near the port of Salerno. Stiff resistance from German forces delays the full capture of the beachhead until 18 September.[3]
- British forces land at Taranto, in Apulia.[3]
Literature and culture
Cinema
[edit]Births
[edit]- 4 March – Lucio Dalla, musician and actor (d. 2012)[6]
- 18 June – Raffaella Carrà, TV Star, actress, and singer (d. 2021)[7]
- 18 August – Gianni Rivera, footballer and politician[8]
Deaths
[edit]- 1 December – Antonio de Viti de Marco, liberal economist (b. 1858)[9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ "Victor Emmanuel III". Encyclopedia Britannica. 4 June 2025. Retrieved 3 July 2025.
- ↑ Foot, John (27 May 2026). "Benito Mussolini". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Schmeller, Helmut. "Western Allies Invade Italy". EBSCO. EBSCO. Retrieved 13 July 2026.
- ↑ Shaw (2007), p. 310.
- ↑ Shaw (2007), p. 312.
- ↑ Venegoni, Marinella di (2015). "DALLA, Lucio". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 13 July 2026.
- ↑ "Raffaella Carrà, singer, dancer and actress who was the cherished star of Italian television for decades – obituary". The Telegraph. 9 July 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2026.
- ↑ Bortoletti, Marino (2002). "RIVERA, Gianni". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 13 July 2026.
- ↑ Mosca, Manuela di (2012). "De Viti de Marco, Antonio". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 14 July 2026.
- Sources
- Shaw, Antony (2007), World War II: Day By Day, New York City: Barnes & Noble, pp. 310, 312
