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Mansehra District

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Mansehra District
ضلع مانسہرہ
District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Top: Malika Parbat and Lake Saiful Muluk
Bottom: View of Besal
Mansehra District (red) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Mansehra District (red) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Country Pakistan
Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
DivisionHazara
RegionPakhli
HeadquartersMansehra
Government
 • TypeDistrict administration
 • Deputy CommissionerBilal Shahid Rao (BPS-18 PAS)
 • District Police OfficerZahoor Babar Afridi (BPS-19 PSP)
Area
4,579 km2 (1,768 sq mi)
Population
 (2023)[1]
1,797,177
 • Density392.5/km2 (1,017/sq mi)
 • Urban
154,834 (8.62%)
 • Rural
1,642,343
Literacy
[2]
 • Literacy rate
  • Total:
    (63.79%)
  • Male:
    (75.33%)
  • Female:
    (52.02%)
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Area code0997
Number of union councils59
Number of tehsils5[3]
Websitemansehra.kp.gov.pk

Mansehra District (Urdu, Hindko: ضلع مانسہرہ) is a district in the Hazara Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan. The city of Mansehra serves as the headquarters of the district.

Mansehra was established as an independent district in 1976. It was previously a tehsil within the broader Hazara District.[4] In 1993, a former subdivision of Mansehra, Battagram, was separated as an independent district.[5] Similarly, in 2011, another subdivision of Mansehra, Kala Dhaka, was separated which is now known as Torghar District.

Demographics

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Population

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1951 260,631—    
1961 373,975+3.68%
1972 552,842+3.62%
1981 686,308+2.43%
1998 978,157+2.11%
2017 1,555,742+2.47%
2023 1,797,177+2.43%
Sources:[6]

As of the 2023 census, Mansehra district has 294,052 households and a population of 1,797,177. The district has a sex ratio of 103.08 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 63.79%: 75.33% for males and 52.02% for females. 478,985 (26.76% of the surveyed population) are under 10 years of age. 154,834 (8.62%) live in urban areas.[1]

Ethnic groups

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Gujar is the largest ethnic group of the Mansehra district, forming a simple majority.[7][8][9] Other main ethnic groups of Mansehra include Kohistani,[10] Tanoli,[10][9] Awan,[10] Syed,[10] and Swati.[10] A few other minor ethnic groups also inhabit Mansehra, including Dhund,[11] Mughal,[11] Qureshi,[11] Akhun Khel,[11] Turk,[11] and Pashtun tribes (Mandokhel, Yousafzai, Utmanzai, Nusratkhel, Hassanzai).[11]

Languages

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Languages of Mansehra district (2023)[12]
  1. Hindko (66.2%)
  2. Pashto (18.0%)
  3. Kohistani (2.51%)
  4. Urdu (1.16%)
  5. Others (12.1%)

Main languages

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Four main languages, Hindko, Pashto, Kohistani, and Urdu spoken in the district. At the time of the 2023 census, 66.22% of the population spoke Hindko, 17.97% Pashto, 2.51% Kohistani and 1.16% Urdu as their first language.[12]

Other languages

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Other minor languages are spoken by 12.14%. These languages include Gujari, Mankiyali and a few others. Many of these, especially in the upper Kaghan Valley, are speakers of the Kohistani dialects. There are also speakers of the widely dispersed Gujari language, particularly in the Kaghan Valley.[13] The local variety is intermediate between the eastern dialects of Gujari (spoken in Azad Kashmir) and the western group (spoken inChitral, Swat and Gilgit).[14] There is also a small community in the village of Dana in Oghi Tehsil who speak the endangered Mankiyali language.[15]

Religions

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Religion in contemporary Mansehra District
Religious
group		 1941[16]: 22  2017[17] 2023[18]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Islam 293,231 97.79% 1,555,315 99.97% 1,785,071 99.75%
Hinduism 5,431 1.81% 28 ~0% 39 ~0%
Sikhism 1,174 0.39% N/a N/a 31 ~0%
Christianity 22 0.01% 163 0.01% 3,986 0.22%
Other 0 ~0% 236 0.02% 497 0.03%
Total Population 299,858 100% 1,555,742 100% 1,789,624[a] 100%
Note: 1941 census data is for Mansehra, Amb and Phulra tehsils of erstwhile Hazara district, which roughly corresponds to contemporary Mansehra district. District and tehsil borders have changed since 1941.

Constituencies

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The district is represented in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly by elected MPAs who represent the following constituencies:[19]

Constituency and current member :

The district is represented in the National Assembly of Pakistan by two elected MNAs who represent the following constituencies:

Administrative divisions

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Administrative subdivisions of Mansehra District plus district Kala Dhaka (Torghar)

Mansehra District consists of six tehsils, with Tanawal Tehsil separated from the other five in December 2022.[20] The area comprising present-day Mansehra District historically consisted of two regions: Pakhal, known as the country of the Swati tribe, and Tanawal, the territory of the Tanoli tribe.

Tehsil Name

(Urdu)

 Area

(km2)[21]

 Pop.

(2023)

 Density

(ppl/km2)

(2023)

 Literacy rate

(2023)[22]

 Union Councils
Baffa Pakhal (Urdu: تحصیل بفہ پکھل)[23] 640 460,090 718.89 60.85%
Bala Kot Tehsil (Urdu: تحصیل بالاکوٹ) 2,376 310,339 130.61 67.50%
Darband (Urdu: تحصیل دربند)[23] 102 51,702 506.88 50.47%
Mansehra Tehsil (Urdu: تحصیل مانسہرہ) 700 723,325 1,033.32 68.70%
Oghi Tehsil (Urdu: تحصیل اوگی) 307 251,721 819.94 52.85%
Tanawal Tehsil (Urdu: تحصیل تناول) ... ... ... ...

The Kala Dhaka tehsil was separated as Torghar District in 2011.

Politics

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Member of Provincial AssemblyParty affiliationConstituencyYear
Munir Lughmani SwatiPakistan Tehreek-e-InsafPK-36 Mansehra-I2024
Babar Saleem Khan SwatiPakistan Tehreek-e-InsafPK-37 Mansehra-II2024
Zahid Chanzeb SwatiPakistan Tehreek-e-InsafPK-38 Mansehra-III2024
Ikram Ghazi Khan TanoliPakistan Tehreek-e-InsafPK-39 Mansehra-IV2024
Sardar Shah Jahan YousafPakistan Muslim League (N)PK-40 Mansehra-V2024

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 1" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  2. ↑ "Literacy rate, enrollments, and out-of-school population by sex and rural/urban, CENSUS-2023, KPK" (PDF).
  3. ↑ "Kolai-Palas made district, Baffa-Pakhal tehsil". 26 August 2017.
  4. ↑ Census report of Mansehra 1998, p. 1.
  5. ↑ Census report of Batagram 1998, p. 18.
  6. ↑ "Population by administrative units 1951-1998" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  7. ↑ Irfanullah, Sahibzada (2002). "Gujars in the Pakistani Hindu Kush-Himalayas: Conflicts and Dilemmas about Lifestyles and Forest Use". Nomadic Peoples. 6 (2): 99. ISSN 0822-7942. In Hilkot, as in the entire District of Mansehra, Gujars represent the largest ethnic group.
  8. ↑ Nazia, Dr. (2014). GENETIC ANALYSES OF THE MAJOR TRIBES OF ABBOTTABAD AND MANSEHRA DISTRICTS THROUGH DENTAL MORPHOLOGY AND DNA ANALYSES. Department of Genetics Hazara University, Mansehra. p. 15. Gujar populations are spread all over the country in urban and rural areas of all the five provinces. They are found everywhere in Hazara division especially in the Mansehra, Haripur and Abbottabad districts. They once owned a tract of 84 villages in the center of Hazara including the Channai Hazara. The chief of Gujar Tribe of Hazara was the ever-mentioned Mokaddam Mir Ahmad Gujar, the jagirdar of Kot Najibulla (Watson, 1907). Gujars are in simple majority in Mansehra and Haripur Districts, especially in Kaghan Valley.
  9. 1 2 1998 District Census Report of Mansehra. Population Census Organisation, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 2000. p. 6. Gujar: It is an ancient tribe of Mansehra as well Hazara... Tanoli: They are second largest in number after Gujars. They are living in former state of Tanawal and Pakhal and the most of them are peasants, while some are government servants and traders.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Nazia, Dr. (2014). GENETIC ANALYSES OF THE MAJOR TRIBES OF ABBOTTABAD AND MANSEHRA DISTRICTS THROUGH DENTAL MORPHOLOGY AND DNA ANALYSES. Department of Genetics Hazara University, Mansehra. p. 9. Many tribes inhabit the District Mansehra, broadly divisible into the ancient peoples like Gujars and Kohistanis and the recent migrants like Pathans of the area. Awans, Gujars, Swatis, Syeds and Tanolis are the most prominent ethnic groups of the district.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nazia, Dr. (2014). GENETIC ANALYSES OF THE MAJOR TRIBES OF ABBOTTABAD AND MANSEHRA DISTRICTS THROUGH DENTAL MORPHOLOGY AND DNA ANALYSES. Department of Genetics Hazara University, Mansehra. pp. 9–10. In addition the Akhun Khels, Dhunds, Hassanzais, Mughals, Nusrat Khels, Qureshis, Rajputs, Turks and Utmanzais are commonly mentioned ethnic groups of Mansehra (Ghulam, 2003).
  12. 1 2 "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 11" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  13. ↑ Hallberg & O'Leary 1992, p. 96.
  14. ↑ Hallberg & O'Leary 1992, pp. 112–13, 135The particular variety studied was from the village of Mittikot, six kilometres west of Balakot.
  15. ↑ Anjum & Rehman 2015.
  16. ↑ India Census Commissioner (1941). "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 10, North-West Frontier Province". p. 22. JSTOR saoa.crl.28215543. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  17. ↑ "Pakistan Census 2017 District-Wise Tables: Mansehra District". Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  18. ↑ "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 9" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  19. ↑ "› reports". Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
  20. ↑ "Tanawal notified as sixth tehsil of Mansehra". Dawn. 26 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  21. ↑ "TABLE 1 : AREA, POPULATION BY SEX, SEX RATIO, POPULATION DENSITY, URBAN POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, CENSUS-2023, KPK" (PDF).
  22. ↑ "LITERACY RATE, ENROLMENT AND OUT OF SCHOOL POPULATION BY SEX AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS-2023, KPK" (PDF).
  23. 1 2 "Kolai-Palas made district, Baffa-Pakhal tehsil". 26 August 2017.
  1. ↑ Different from official population figure since it excludes sensitive areas where religion was not asked

Bibliography

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  • 1998 District census report of Batagram. Census publication. Vol. 18. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 1999.
  • 1981 District census report of Mansehra. Vol. 23. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 1983.
  • 1998 District census report of Mansehra. Census publication. Vol. 62. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 2000.
  • Anjum, Uzma; Rehman, Khawaja (2015). "A First Look at Mankiyali Language: An Endangered Language". Journal of Asian Civilizations. 38 (1): 177–90. ProQuest 1816873650.
  • Hallberg, Calinda E.; O'Leary, Clare F. (1992). "Dialect Variation and Multilingualism among Gujars of Pakistan". In O'Leary, Clare F.; Rensch, Calvin R.; Hallberg, Calinda E. (eds.). Hindko and Gujari. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University and Summer Institute of Linguistics. pp. 91–196. ISBN 969-8023-13-5.
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