List of massacres in Israel
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This is a list of massacres that have occurred in Israel after the 1948 Palestine War.
- For massacres that have occurred in Roman Judea prior to the establishment of the Roman province of Syria Palæstina, see List of massacres in Roman Judea.
- For massacres that took place prior to the British Mandate, see List of massacres in Ottoman Syria.
- For massacres that took place in Mandatory Palestine, see List of killings and massacres in Mandatory Palestine.
- For massacres that took place during the 1948 Palestine War, see Killings and massacres during the 1948 Palestine War.
- For massacres that have occurred in the West Bank and Gaza since 1948, see List of massacres in Palestine.
| Name | Date | Location | Responsible Party | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yehud attack | 12 October 1953 | Yehud, Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 3 (Israeli) | A cross-border infiltration unit threw a grenade into a civilian home, killing a woman and two children.[1][2][3] |
| Ma'ale Akrabim massacre | 16–17 March 1954 | Scorpions Pass | Unknown; Arab Bedouins suspected[4] | 11[5] | 2 injured |
| Shafrir synagogue shooting | 11 April 1956 | Kfar Chabad (Shafrir), Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 6 (Israeli) | Palestinian militants infiltrated from Egypt and opened fire inside a synagogue study hall filled with children and teenagers, killing five children and a youth instructor.[6][7][8] |
| Beersheba - Eilat Road shooting attack | 23 April 1956 | Beersheba–Eilat road, Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 4 (Israeli) | Infiltrators from Jordan ambushed a civilian vehicle traveling along the Beersheba–Eilat road, killing four Israeli employees of the national water authority.[9][10][11] |
| The Line 361 Bus Attack 1956 | 16 August 1956 | Near Be'er Menucha, Arava, Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 4 (Israeli) | A group of infiltrators from Jordan ambushed an Egged bus and its IDF escort vehicle on the road to Eilat. Four people were killed and nine others wounded in the shooting and subsequent close-range assault.[12][13] |
| Ein Ofarim killings | 12 September 1956 | Ein Ofarim, near Hatzeva, Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 3 (Israeli Druze) | Palestinian fedayeen infiltrated from Jordan attacked the Ein Ofarim oil-drilling camp near Hatzeva, killing three Druze watchmen. The victims were stabbed and their weapons stolen by the attackers.[14][15][16] |
| Ramat Rachel shooting attack | 23 September 1956 | Near Kibbutz Ramat Rachel, Israel | Jordanian Arab Legion | 4 (Israeli) | Jordanian Legion soldiers opened machine-gun fire from positions across the border on a group of Israeli archaeologists working at an excavation site near Ramat Rachel, killing four and wounding sixteen others.[17][18] |
| Negev desert road ambush | 4 October 1956 | Highway 25, Negev Desert, Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 5 (Israeli) | A squad of Palestinian fedayeen infiltrated from Jordan and ambushed two civilian vehicles traveling on the Sodom–Beersheba road, killing five Israeli civilians and wounding another.[19][20] |
| Kafr Qasim massacre | 29 October 1956 | Kafr Qasim | Israel Border Police | 47 | 23 children were among the victims.
Israeli President Shimon Peres issued a formal apology in December 2007.[21] |
| 1956 Sderot Mining Attack | 5 November 1956 | Sderot, southern Israel | Palestinian fedayeen | 5 (Israeli) | Palestinian fedayeen infiltrators planted a landmine near Sderot, which detonated when a horse-drawn cart carrying five young laborers struck it while traveling to work at agricultural fields near Ibim. All five occupants were killed in the explosion during the final stages of the Sinai War.[22][23] |
| September 1961 Gaza border incident | 17–18 September 1961 | near the Gaza–Israel border | Israel Border Police[24] | 5[25] | All five of the victims are Israeli Arabs. |
| Avivim school bus bombing | 8 May 1970 | near Avivim | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command[26] | 12[27] | 25 wounded; 9 victims were children |
| Lod Airport massacre | 30 May 1972 | Lod | Three members of the Japanese Red Army, on behalf of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine | 26[28] | 80 injured |
| Kiryat Shmona massacre | 11 April 1974 | Kiryat Shmona, Israel | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command | 18[29] | 8 victims were children; 15 injured |
| Ma'alot massacre[30] | 15 May 1974 | Ma'alot[31] | Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine[32] | 29[33] | 68 injured; victims were mostly children |
| Zion Square massacre | 4 July 1975 | Jerusalem | Palestine Liberation Organization | 15[34] | 77 wounded |
| Coastal Road massacre | 11 March 1978 | near Tel Aviv | Palestine Liberation Organization | 38[35] | 38 people were killed on bus. Victims include 13 children. Other people killed nearby. 71 wounded. |
| Rishon LeZion Massacre | 20 May 1990 | Rishon LeZion | Ami Popper, an Israeli citizen | 7 [36] | Seven Palestinian workers were killed, 16 Palestinians were wounded. The perpetrator was a 21-year-old Israeli with an automatic weapon. 13 more Palestinians were killed by Israeli forces in subsequent demonstrations to protest the massacre in various parts of the territories.[37] |
| Dizengoff Street bus bombing | 19 October 1994 | Tel Aviv, Israel | Hamas | 22 | Suicide bomber blows himself up in a bus during the morning rush hour at Dizengoff street, Tel Aviv. Killing 22 people and injuring 50 others. Hamas claimed responsibility. |
| Beit Lid suicide bombing[38][39][40][41] | 22 January 1995 | Beit Lid Junction | Palestinian Islamic Jihad | 23[42] | Death toll includes 2 perpetrators; 69 injured; first suicide attack by Palestinian Islamic Jihad. |
| Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing | 9 August 2001 | Jerusalem | Hamas | 15[43] | 130 injured; 7 victims were children |
| Dolphinarium discotheque bombing | 1 June 2001 | Tel Aviv | Hamas | 21 | 100+ wounded |
| 2002 Hadera attack[44] | 18 January 2002 | Hadera | al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades | 7[45] | 33 wounded[45] |
| Yeshivat Beit Yisrael bombing[46] | 2 March 2002 | Beit Yisrael, Jerusalem | Fatah al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades | 11[47] | Victims included 7 children, 2 of which were infants |
| Café Moment bombing | 9 March 2002 | Jerusalem | Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades | 11[48] | 54 wounded |
| Passover massacre[49] | 27 March 2002 | Netanya | Hamas[50] | 30[51] | 140 injured; some victims were Holocaust survivors; considered the deadliest single attack against Israeli civilians during the Second Intifada |
| Kiryat Menachem bus bombing | 21 November 2002 | Jerusalem | Hamas | 11[52] | 50+ wounded |
| Tel Aviv central bus station massacre | 5 January 2003 | Southern Tel Aviv | Fatah al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades | 23[53] | Over 100 injured |
| Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing | 19 August 2003 | Jerusalem | Hamas | 24[54] | 130+ wounded |
| Maxim restaurant suicide bombing | 4 October 2003 | beachfront "Maxim" restaurant, Haifa | Palestinian Islamic Jihad female suicide bomber | 21 civilians | 60 civilians were injured. |
| Shfaram massacre[55] | 4 August 2005 | bus in Shefa-Amr | Israeli army deserter | 5 Arab civilians | 12 Arab civilians were injured. |
| 2nd Rosh Ha'ir restaurant bombing | 17 April 2006 | Tel Aviv | Palestinian Islamic Jihad | 11 civilians (+1 bomber)[56] | |
| 2008 Jerusalem yeshiva attack | 6 March 2008 | Kiryat Moshe, Jerusalem | Arab gunman, Alaa Abu Dhein | 8[57][58] | Attack took place at a school, and seven victims were students.[59] |
| 2008 Jerusalem bulldozer attack | 2 July 2008 | Jaffa Road, Jerusalem | Hussam Taysir Duwait | 3 | Attack on motorists. Three people were killed and thirty injured. |
| 2014 Jerusalem synagogue attack | 18 November 2014 | Har Nof, Jerusalem | Uday Abu Jamal and Ghassan Abu Jamal | 5 | Attack against a synagogue. Four rabbis and a police officer were killed. |
| June 2016 Tel Aviv shooting | 8 June 2016 | Sarona market, Tel Aviv | Khalid al-Mahmara and Muhammad Mahmara | 4 | Attack on restaurant guests in downtown Tel Aviv. Four civilians killed. |
| 2022 Beersheba attack | 22 March 2022 | Beersheba | Mohammed Abu al-Kiyan | 4 | Stabbing and vehicle ramming attack. |
| 2022 Bnei Brak shootings | 29 March 2022 | Bnei Brak | Diaa Hamarsheh | 5 | Attack on pedestrians. Four civilians and a police officer killed. |
| Nova music festival massacre | 7 October 2023 | Re'im | Hamas | 325+[60] | Deadliest massacre in Israeli history. At least 37 Israeli and foreign civilians kidnapped and taken into the Gaza Strip.[61] Part of the Gaza war. |
| Be'eri massacre | 7 October 2023 | Be'eri | Hamas | 108+[62] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Kfar Aza massacre | 7 October 2023 | Kfar Aza | Hamas | 52 | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Nir Oz attack | 7 October 2023 | Nir Oz | Hamas | 25 | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Netiv HaAsara massacre | 7 October 2023 | Netiv HaAsara | Hamas | 20+[63] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Holit attack | 7 October 2023 | Holit | Hamas | 13+[64] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Ein HaShlosha massacre | 7 October 2023 | Ein HaShlosha | Hamas | 5+[65] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Nahal Oz attack | 7 October 2023 | Nahal Oz | Hamas | 100+[66] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Psyduck music festival Massacre | 7 October 2023 | Eshkol Regional Council | Hamas | 17 | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Kissufim massacre | 7 October 2023 | Kissufim | Hamas | 4+[67] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Nirim attack | 7 October 2023 | Nirim | Hamas | 5 | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Yakhini massacre | 7 October 2023 | Yakhini | Hamas | 7[68] | Part of the Gaza war. |
| Alumim massacre | 7 October 2023 | Alumim | Hamas | 16/17[69][70] | Victims were foreign workers from Thailand and Nepal. Part of the Gaza war. |
| 2024 Jaffa shooting | 1 October 2024 | Jaffa | Hamas | 7[71] | Part of the Gaza war. |
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Massacres in Israel.
References
- ↑ Morris, Benny (1994). Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956. Oxford University Press. p. 142. ISBN 9780198278504.
- ↑ "הפיגוע ביהוד, *Itonut* 13.10.1953 (page 1)" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "הפיגוע ביהוד, *Itonut* 13.10.1953 (page 2)" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "When Israel occupied the Gaza Strip in 1956, two years later, considerable evidence was found that the Scorpion Pass incident was the work of Arab Bedouins", Political Affairs By Trade Union Educational League, Political Affairs Publications, 1967, pg. 15
- ↑ Rosalyn Higgins (1981) United Nations Peacekeeping, 1946–1967: Documents and Commentary under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs by Oxford University Press, pp. 121–122
- ↑ "הטבח בבית הספר לשמאלהכ, *Davar* 12.04.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "תיאור ותגובות לאחר הטבח בבית הספר לשפריר, *Davar* 20.04.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "Shafrir synagogue shooting". Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "Beersheba–Eilat Road shooting attack". Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "פיגוע הירי בכביש באר שבע–אילת, *Maariv* 24.04.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "רצח ארבעת עובדי תה״ל בכביש באר שבע–אילת, *Yedioth Ahronoth* 25.04.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "Four Israelis Killed in Bus Ambush". The New York Times. 17 August 1956. Retrieved 2 February 2026.
- ↑ "ארבעה נרצחו במארב לאוטובוס אילת, *הבוקר*, 17.08.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2 February 2026.
- ↑ "פיגוע בעין עופרים, *הארץ*, 14.09.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "שלושה שומרים דרוזים נרצחו בעין עופרים, *הארץ*, 14.09.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "הלוויית נרצחי עין עופרים, *הבוקר*, 14.09.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "פיגוע הירי ברמת רחל, *הארץ*, 24.09.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "ירי מלגיון ירדני על חופרים ברמת רחל, *הבוקר*, 24.09.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "פיגוע הירי בכביש סדום–באר שבע, *הארץ*, 05.10.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "חמישה הרוגים במארב בכביש סדום–באר שבע, *ידיעות אחרונות*, 05.10.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ President Peres apologizes for Kafr Qasem massacre of 1956 Haaretz, 21 December 2007
- ↑ "חמישה פועלים נהרגו ממוקש ליד שדרות, *הארץ*, 06.11.1956" (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ "גן החמישה: זכרם של הרוגי פיגוע המוקש בשדרות". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 26 January 2026.
- ↑ Fellows, Lawrence (22 September 1961). "Arabs in Israel Riot Against Government; ARABS IN ISRAEL IN PROTEST RIOTS". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 July 2026.
- ↑ Nassar, Makbula (5 November 2016). "The gruesome murder of five Arab boys refuses to disappear — 55 years on". +972 Magazine. Retrieved 15 July 2026.
- ↑ Yodfat, Aryeh; Arnon-Oḥanah, Yuval (1981). PLO Strategy and Politics. ISBN 9780709929017. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ↑ "Moshav Avivim still stands determined during tensions". The Jerusalem Post - JPost.com. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ↑ "In what became known as the Lod Airport Massacre three members of the terrorist group, Japanese Red Army, arrived at the airport aboard Air France Flight 132 from Rome. Once inside the airport they grabbed automatic firearms from their carry-on cases and fired at airport staff and visitors. In the end, 26 people died and 80 people were injured." CBC News, The Fifth Estate, "Fasten Your Seatbelts: Ben Gurion Airport in Israel", 2007. Accessed 2 June 2008.
- ↑ Modern Israel & the Diaspora (1970-1979) Jewish Virtual Library
- ↑ Sources describing the event as a "massacre":
- "The day after the Ma'alot massacre, condemned by Pope Paul VI and most Western leaders as 'an evil outrage...'" Frank Gervasi. Thunder Over the Mediterranean, McKay, 1975, p. 443.
- "The previous day Israel had been traumatized by the Ma'alot massacre, which had resulted in the deaths of numerous schoolchildren." William B. Quandt. Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Since 1967, Brookings Institution Press, 2001, p. 432.
- "Faced with a public outcry over the Ma'alot massacre, they demanded of Syria a pledge to forbid terrorist to cross the Golan into Israel." Milton Viorst. Sands of Sorrow: Israel's Journey from Independence, I.B. Tauris, 1987, p. 192.
- "...Organization (PLO) crimes, like the massacre of Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games in 1972 and the Ma'alot massacre of children in 1974." Richard J. Chasdi. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994–1999, Lexington Books, 2002, p. 6.
- "The PFLP was responsible for the Ma'alot massacre on May IS, 1974 during which 22 Israeli children were killed." Alex Peter Schmid, A. J. Jongman, Michael Stohl. Political Terrorism: A New Guide to Actors, Authors, Concepts, Data Bases, Theories, & Literature, Transaction Publishers, 2005, p. 639.
- "On 22 November 1974, six months after the Ma'alot massacre, the United Nations General Assembly voted to accept the Palestine Liberation Organisation as an..." Martin Gilbert. The Jews in the Twentieth Century: An Illustrated History, Schocken Books, 2001, p. 327.
- Khoury, Jack. "U.S. filmmakers plan documentary on Ma'alot massacre" Archived 9 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Haaretz, 7 March 2007.
- ↑ Mayhew, Iain. "Israel’s Front Line Children", Daily Mirror, 10 August 2006.
- ↑ Khoury, Jack. "U.S. filmmakers plan documentary on Ma'alot massacre" Archived 9 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Haaretz, 7 March 2007.
- ↑ "Bullets, Bombs and a Sign of Hope", TIME, 27 May 1974.
- ↑ "13 Die, Scores Hurt in Jerusalem Blast". The New York Times - nytimes.com. 5 July 1975. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ↑ "1978, March 11. The Coastal Road Massacre" Richard Ernest Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt Dupuy. The Encyclopedia of Military History from 3500 BC. to the Present, Harper & Row, 1986, ISBN 0061812358, p. 1362.
- ↑ Chicago Tribune (21 May 1990, p.1 and 6)
- ↑ Massacres Against Palestinians (visited 21 March 2015)
- ↑ "But after the Beit Lid massacre, the government approved the construction and sale of 4000 units in occupied land around Jerusalem." Beyer, Lisa. "Can Peace Survive", Time, 6 February 1995.
- ↑ "When Arafat called Rabin to express his condolences on the Beit Lid massacre, the prime minister was understandably furious." Karsh, Efraim, Arafat's War: The Man and His Battle for Israeli Conquest, Grove Press, 2003, p. 116. ISBN 0802117589
- ↑ "The reaction of peace processors in Jerusalem and Washington to the Beit Lid massacre, in which Islamic suicide bombers wiped out a score of Israelis, has been shock, anger, sorrow -- but a determination that terrorist attacks not be allowed to stop the peace process." Safire, William. "Essay; Responding to Terror", The New York Times, 26 January 1995.
- ↑ "President Ezer Weizman, a super-dove who initially supported the agreement wholeheartedly, called for a temporary suspension of talks following the Beit Lid massacre on January 22 and again after the February 6 killing in Gaza." Bar-Ilan, David. "Rain of terror - Israeli politics", National Review, 6 March 1995, p. 2.
- ↑ "Fatal Terrorist Attacks in Israel since the Declaration of Principles". MFA. 24 September 2000. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
- ↑ "The Malki Foundation - Death of Innocents". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ↑ Bat mitzvah massacre in Israel leaves seven dead, Phil Reeves, 18 January 2002
- 1 2 "B'Tselem - Statistics - Fatalities". Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
- ↑ Dronzina, T.; Houdaigui, Rachid El (12 November 2012). Contemporary Suicide Terrorism: Origins, Trends and Ways of Tackling It. ISBN 9781614991090. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ↑ Suicide bombing in the Beit Yisrael neighborhood i Archived 4 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Bombing shatters illusions in an oasis of civility". The Guardian - theguardian.com. 11 March 2002. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ↑ Sources describing the incident as the "Passover massacre":
- "Alleged Passover massacre plotter arrested", CNN, 26 March 2008.
- Ohad Gozani, "Hotel blast survivors relive the Passover massacre", The Daily Telegraph, 29 March 2002.
- "This reached a peak following the Passover massacre in the seaside resort of Netanya..." David Newman, "The consequence or the cause? Impact on the Israel-Palestine Peace Process", in Mary E. A. Buckley, Mary Buckley, Rick Fawn. Global Responses to Terrorism: 9/11, the War in Afghanistan, and Beyond, Routledge, 2003, ISBN 0-415-31429-1, p. 158.
- "They faced stiff resistance from Palestinian gunmen who began preparing the camp's defenses as early as the Passover massacre in Netanya..." Todd C. Helmus, Russell W. Glenn. Steeling the Mind: Combat Stress Reactions and Their Implications for Urban Warfare Rand Corporation, 2005, ISBN 0-8330-3702-1, p. 58.
- "It can therefore be asked whether the 'human bomb' offensive starting with the Passover massacre on 27 March 2002..." Brigitte L. Nacos, "The Terrorist Calculus Behind 9–11: A Model for Future Terrorism?" in Gus Martin. The New Era of Terrorism: Selected Readings, Sage Publications Inc, 2004, ISBN 0761988734, p. 176.
- ↑ Israel seals off territories for Passover, BBC News, 16 April 2003.
- ↑ Linda Grant. "Defenders of the faith", The Guardian, 6 July 2002.
- ↑ "Jerusalem suicide bombing kills 11". The Guardian - theguardian.com. 21 November 2002. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ↑ Mordechai Evioni
- ↑ Bennett, James (20 August 2003). "Bombing kills 18 and hurts scores on Jerusalem". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ↑ "Shfaram marks 2005 terror attack". www.ynetnews.com. Retrieved 20 September 2025.
- ↑ Urquhart, Conal (18 April 2006). "Suicide bomber strikes Tel Aviv". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 27 June 2025.
- ↑ "Yeshiva head: This is continuation of 1929 massacre". Ynet. Retrieved 1 October 2012.
- ↑ "Mercaz Harav hit by worst terror attack since April 2006". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2008.
- ↑ Bronner, Ethan (19 March 2008). "Poll Shows Most Palestinians Favor Violence Over Talks". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
- ↑ haaretz.com . Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ↑ haaretz.com . Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ↑ "Video shows apparent death of Israeli hostages in Hamas custody". Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
- ↑ Sharon, Jeremy. "'There was no air force, no soldiers, we were alone,' says Hamas massacre survivor". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ צורי, מתן (8 October 2023). "פורסמו שמותיהם של נרצחי קיבוץ חולית". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ "מלחמה בדרום: כל שמות ההרוגים וקורבנות הטבח שהותרו לפרסום". הארץ (in Hebrew). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ "צלם "ישראל היום", יניב זוהר, נרצח עם אשתו ושתי בנותיהם". הארץ (in Hebrew). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ Tzuri, Matan (12 October 2023). "Horrors unraveling: Hamas terrorists cold-bloodedly execute 90-year-old Israeli woman". Ynetnews. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ צורי, מתן (10 October 2023). "מגיעים בטנדר, פורקים - וטובחים: תיעודים מהזוועות במתקפת חמאס". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 22 October 2025.
- ↑ "כיתת כוננות מול עשרות מחבלים: הקרב שהציל את קיבוץ עלומים". www.makorrishon.co.il (in Hebrew). 13 October 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ↑ Surkes, Sue (19 October 2023). "Thai laborers, the 'working hands' of Israeli farming, pay with blood". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ↑ "Terror shooting in Jaffa: Seven murdered, many more wounded". The Jerusalem Post. 1 October 2024. ISSN 0792-822X. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
