who

WHO も参照。

英語

語源

中英語 who, hwo, huo, wha, hwoa, hwa < 古英語 hwā < 西ゲルマン祖語 *hwaʀ < ゲルマン祖語 *hwaz < 印欧祖語 *kʷos, *kʷís。

/ɑː/ が /oː/ となったのち、/hw/ > /h/と音韻が変化した。

発音

• (容認発音) enPR: ho͞o, IPA(?): /huː/
  • (容認発音) IPA(?): [huː], [hʊw]

    • 音声 (河口域英語)

      (ファイル)

  • (SSB) IPA(?): [hʉw], [hʉː]

    • 音声 (河口域英語)

      (ファイル)

  • (一般米語) IPA(?): [hu(ː)]

    • 音声 (カリフォルニア)

      (ファイル)

  • (カナダ) IPA(?): [huː], [hʉː]
  • 押韻: -uː
• (初期近代英語) enPR: h(w)o͞o, h(w)ō, IPA(?): /h(w)uː/, /h(w)ɔː/, /hwɒ/

代名詞

who (主格, 目的格 whom, who, 所有格 whose)

1. (疑問代名詞) 誰（だれ）。
   • Who is that?

     あの人は誰なの。

   • I don't know who it is.

     私はこの人が誰か知らない。

   • Who do you know that man is?

     あの男性は誰か知っていますか。

   • Who are you to talk like this?

     そんな口をきき方をするとは何様のつもりか。

2. (関係詞) ～するところの[人]。
   1. 先行詞が主語である場合。
      • That's the man who works at the newsagent.

        その人は新聞社で仕事をしている人です。

      • My sister, who works in the accounts department, just got promoted to manager.

        姉は経理部で働いていますが、最近部長に昇進しました。

   2. 先行詞が目的語である場合。
      • That's the man who I saw earlier.

        その人は私がこの前会った人です。

      • My brother, who you met the other day, is coming to stay for the weekend.

        弟には先日あなたも会いましたが、今度の週末に泊まりに来ます。

3. (複合関係代名詞, 古用法, まれ) ～するところの人。
   • Who insults my mother insults me.

     母を侮辱する者は私を侮辱していることになる。

   • Give it to who deserves it.

     ふさわしい者に与えよ。

用法

口語的には、しばしば目的格whomに変わって、whoが用いられる。

派生語

• abandon hope, all ye who enter here
• all hope abandon ye who enter here
• all things come to those who wait
• anybody who is anybody
• anybody who is anyone
• anyone who is anybody
• anyone who is anyone
• as who should say
• dance with the one who brought ya
• dance with the one who brought you
• dance with the one who brung ya
• dance with the one who brung you
• do you know who I am
• everybody who is anybody
• everybody who is anyone
• everyone who is anybody
• everyone who is anyone
• evil be to him who evil thinks
• God helps them who help themselves
• God helps those who help themselves
• good things come to those who wait
• he who denied it supplied it
• he who digs a pit for others falls in himself
• he who hesitates is lost
• he who laughs last laughs best

• he who laughs last laughs hardest
• he who pays the piper calls the tune
• he who said the rhyme did the crime
• he who smelt it dealt it
• he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon
• heaven helps those who help themselves
• it's not what you know but who you know
• lady who lunches
• leave with the one who brought ya
• leave with the one who brought you
• leave with the one who brung ya
• leave with the one who brung you
• let he who is without sin cast the first stone
• let him who is without sin cast the first stone
• look like who did it and ran
• look who the cat dragged in
• one who hesitates is lost
• people who live in glass houses should not throw stones
• people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones
• raise the flag and see who salutes
• says who
• send it up the flagpole and see who salutes
• shame be to him who thinks evil of it
• shame to him who thinks ill of it

• the Lord helps those who help themselves
• there are none so blind as those who will not see
• there's none so blind as those who will not see
• those who have get
• those who have get more
• those who live in glass houses should not throw stones
• those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones
• those who say it cannot be done should not interrupt those doing it
• though I say it who should not
• though I say it who should not say it
• who am I kidding
• who are you
• who are you and what have you done with someone
• who are you telling
• who ate all the pies
• who cares
• who died and gave you the reins
• who died and left you in charge
• who died and made you boss
• who died and made you king
• who died and made you president
• who died and made you queen
• who goes there
• who hurt you

• who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl
• who pays the piper calls the tune
• who put a quarter in you
• who shot John
• who so
• who took the jam out of your doughnut
• who wants to know
• who was your servant last year
• who watches the watchers
• who whom
• who would have guessed
• who would have known
• who would have thought it
• who would have thunk it
• who writes this stuff
• who-hit-John
• who-knows-how-many
• who's who
• who's who in the zoo
• with friends like these who needs enemies
• with friends like those who needs enemies
• you-know-who
• who knew?
• who knows?

名詞

who (複数 whos)

1. (注目の的となっている) 人物。

中英語

異表記・別形

• ȝwo, ho, hoo, huo, quo, qwo, qwho, whoo, wo, woo
• qua, wha (北部)
• hwa, hwo, hwoa (早期中英語)

語源

古英語 hwā < 西ゲルマン祖語 *hwaʀ < ゲルマン祖語 *hwaz < 印欧祖語 *kʷos, *kʷís

発音

• IPA(?): /hwɔ̝ː/, /h(w)oː/
• (早期中英語) IPA(?): /hwɑː/
• (北部) IPA(?): /hwaː/

代名詞

who (主格/対格/与格 whom, 属格 whos, 無生物 what)

1. (疑問代名詞) 誰（だれ）。
2. (関係詞) ～するところの[人]。
3. (関係詞) 誰でも。

諸言語への影響

• 英語: who
• スコットランド語: wha
• ヨーラ語: fho
• Geordie English: whe