When it began, aviation was a tinkerer’s realm. The Wright Brothers were bicycle mechanics. Transforming it into an industry relied on men who envisioned it as a business on par with railroads. Men like Glen Curtis, William Boeing, and Clement Keys. Today many remember the Wrights, Curtis and Boeing. The most important man of all, Clement Keys, is forgotten.
Edward M. Young’s Aviation as a Business: Clement M. Keys and the Formation of the American Aviation Industry is a biography of aviation’s forgotten man.
Keys’s influence on early American aviation is indelible. Canadian-born Keys began as a business reporter for the Wall Street Journal, their transportation business expert (at the time, mainly railroads). He began providing investment advice and then became a financier.






Today is my Dad’s 81st birthday. Perhaps the greatest man I’ve ever met.
July 2 is the 183rd day of the year. In about 30 minutes from my clicking “publish” on this post, I’ll be half way to the end of the year. And it’ll be downhill from that point on.
Like many, I’ve been surprised at how low-key this has been. We’re a few days away from the 250th birthday of the greatest country the world has ever seen, and that country knows how to party. And it knows how to overdo showmanship and spectacle. But the buildup for this historic event has seemed more like President’s Day or Labor Day or something. That seems odd.


If you’re a woman of a certain age, I suspect many of you have, like me, occasionally wondered (sometimes with accompanying horror, sometimes with attendant hilarity), if you’re in danger—in part or in whole—of turning into your own mother.
