User Experience for Non-Technical Users

👩🦰 Persona Spectrum For Inclusive Design (Figma Kit) (https://lnkd.in/eGD38hs4), a wonderful little accessibility tool for designers to include permanent, temporary and situational contexts in design decisions. Open sources, with all illustrations and assets for presentations and print. By 🐝 Mahana Delacour. --- 🔶 1. Accessibility ≠ Compliance We should never rely on automated accessibility testing alone to “ensure” accessibility. Compliance means that a user can use your product, but it doesn’t mean that it’s a great user experience. Manual testing makes sure that your users actually can meet their goals in their own context. It often feels daunting to get started, but small first steps are a great beginning. First, gather people interested in accessibility. Document what research was done, where the gaps are. And then try to include 5–12 users with disabilities in a dedicated accessibility testing. One way to find participants is to reach out to local chapters, local training centers, non-profits and public communities of users with disabilities in your country. You might want to add extra $25–$50 depending on disability transportation. Once you have access to users, run a small accessibility initiative around key flows in your products. Tap into critical touch points and research them. Eventually extend to components, patterns, flows, service design. A good target is to incorporate inclusive sampling into all research projects — at least 15% of usability testers should have a permanent, temporary or situational disability. --- 🔹 2. Building Accessibility Research From Scratch If you’d like to get started, I highly recommend to check “How We’ve Built Accessibility Research at Booking.com” (https://lnkd.in/eq_3zSPJ), a fantastic case study by Maya Alvarado on how to build accessibility practices and inclusive design into UX research from scratch. Maya highlights the idea of extending Microsoft's Inclusive Design Toolkit (https://lnkd.in/eN5J7EkJ) to meet specific user needs of a product. It adds a different dimension to disability considerations which might be less abstract and much easier to relate for the entire organization. And as Maya noted, inclusive design is about building a door that can be opened by anyone and lets everyone in. Accessibility isn’t a checklist — it’s a practice that goes way beyond compliance. A practice that involves actual people with actual disabilities throughout all UX research activities. More resources in the comments ↓

Remember that bad survey you wrote? The one that resulted in responses filled with blatant bias and caused you to doubt whether your respondents even understood the questions? Creating a survey may seem like a simple task, but even minor errors can result in biased results and unreliable data. If this has happened to you before, it's likely due to one or more of these common mistakes in your survey design: 1. Ambiguous Questions: Vague wording like “often” or “regularly” leads to varied interpretations among respondents. Be specific—use clear options like “daily,” “weekly,” or “monthly” to ensure consistent and accurate responses. 2. Double-Barreled Questions: Combining two questions into one, such as “Do you find our website attractive and easy to navigate?” can confuse respondents and lead to unclear answers. Break these into separate questions to get precise, actionable feedback. 3. Leading/Loaded Questions: Questions that push respondents toward a specific answer, like “Do you agree that responsible citizens should support local businesses?” can introduce bias. Keep your questions neutral to gather unbiased, genuine opinions. 4. Assumptions: Assuming respondents have certain knowledge or opinions can skew results. For example, “Are you in favor of a balanced budget?” assumes understanding of its implications. Provide necessary context to ensure respondents fully grasp the question. 5. Burdensome Questions: Asking complex or detail-heavy questions, such as “How many times have you dined out in the last six months?” can overwhelm respondents and lead to inaccurate answers. Simplify these questions or offer multiple-choice options to make them easier to answer. 6. Handling Sensitive Topics: Sensitive questions, like those about personal habits or finances, need to be phrased carefully to avoid discomfort. Use neutral language, provide options to skip or anonymize answers, or employ tactics like Randomized Response Survey (RRS) to encourage honest, accurate responses. By being aware of and avoiding these potential mistakes, you can create surveys that produce precise, dependable, and useful information. Art+Science Analytics Institute | University of Notre Dame | University of Notre Dame - Mendoza College of Business | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign | University of Chicago | D'Amore-McKim School of Business at Northeastern University | ELVTR | Grow with Google - Data Analytics #Analytics #DataStorytelling

Imagine this: you’re filling out a survey and come across a question instructing you to answer 1 for Yes and 0 for No. As if that wasn't bad enough, the instructions are at the top of the page, and when you scroll to answer some of the questions, you’ve lost sight of what 1 and 0 means. Why is this an accessibility fail? Memory Burden: Not everyone can remember instructions after scrolling, especially those with cognitive disabilities or short-term memory challenges. Screen Readers: For people using assistive technologies, the separation between the instructions and the input field creates confusion. By the time they navigate to the input, the context might be lost. Universal Design: It’s frustrating and time-consuming to repeatedly scroll up and down to confirm what the numbers mean. You can improve this type of survey by: 1. Placing clear labels next to each input (e.g., "1 = Yes, 0 = No"). 2. Better yet, use intuitive design and replace numbers with a combo box or radio buttons labeled "Yes" and "No." 3. Group the questions by topic. 4. Use headers and field groups to break them up for screen reader users. 5. Only display five or six at a time so people don't get overwhelmed and bail out. 6. Ensure instructions remain visible or are repeated near the question for easy reference. Accessibility isn’t just a "nice to have." It’s critical to ensure everyone can participate. Don’t let bad design create barriers and invalidate your survey results. Alt: A screen shot of a survey containing numerous questions with an instructing you to answer 1 for Yes and 0 for No. The instruction is written at the top and it gets lost when you scroll down to answer other questions. #AccessibilityFailFriday #AccessibilityMatters #InclusiveDesign #UXBestPractices #DigitalAccessibility

I walked up to what looked like the entrance and hit a familiar problem: the only communication option was a speaker. No text. No visual cue. No other way to understand what to do. The screenshot shows the speaker as the only communication method. If you couldn't hear it like me, you were stuck. It was not loud. It was not chaotic. It was just the two of us trying to find the right door. A hearing person was with me and could listen. If I had been alone, I would have had to walk back around and hope I found the correct entrance. That is the part people overlook. Audio only fails in the simplest situations. This is not a disability issue. It is a usability and business issue. - People are Deaf or hard of hearing. - People do not always hear clearly, even in quiet spaces. - People are focused on directions, schedules, or safety. - People understand information faster when they can see it. Relying on one communication mode creates barriers for many. It slows people down, increases confusion, and forces staff to step in and explain what the system should have made clear. I see this across industries because I work with organizations on communication access and inclusive customer experience. The same gap shows up in kiosks, apps, events, and support flows: one mode, one channel, one assumption about how people receive information. When teams design for multiple communication options, the experience becomes smoother, faster, and more inclusive. That is not just good accessibility. It is operational efficiency and a better customer experience. If your organization is investing in technology or customer touchpoints, ask one more question: how many ways can a person understand what to do here? The more options you give people, the stronger the results. #CustomerExperience

Question: If you had a bad experience with a company or product, would you buy from them again? The answer is "no" right? For disabled people, 75-80% of customer experiences are failures. That means that 75-80% of transactions for our community aren't repeated. That's pretty bad right? The impact of a negative experience resonates far beyond a single transaction. It can influence a customer's decision-making process and brand loyalty for the long term. In striving for improvement, businesses must recognise the importance of inclusivity and accessibility. By investing in accessible design, empathetic customer service, and continuous feedback loops, we can create an environment where every customer feels valued and understood. Here are some actionable steps to enhance the customer experience for everyone: * Prioritise accessibility: Ensure your physical and digital spaces are accessible to disabled people. This includes wheelchair ramps, accessible websites, and accommodating customer service practices. * Educate your team: Educate your staff to the diverse needs of customers. Training programmes that emphasise empathy and understanding can go a long way in fostering a positive and inclusive customer experience. * Feedback mechanisms: Establish channels for customers to provide feedback easily. Actively seek input from disabled people to understand our unique challenges and implement necessary improvements. * Adopt universal design: From product packaging to online interfaces, adopt a design philosophy that considers the diverse needs of all customers. Universal design benefits everyone and creates a more positive overall experience. * Transparent communication: Be transparent about your commitment to inclusivity. Communicate the steps you are taking to improve accessibility, both internally and externally. This fosters trust and demonstrates your dedication to positive customer experiences. Remember, creating a truly inclusive business environment not only improves the lives of disabled people but also enhances the overall customer experience for everyone. It's a win-win strategy that builds lasting connections and fosters brand loyalty. #InclusiveBusiness #CustomerExperience #AccessibilityMatters

We design for the average. The average doesn’t exist. April is Autism Acceptance Month. Designing for autism is about building products that work for everyone. Cognitive overload affects everyone. Your brain has limits, and more noise can affect how you perceive things. For some autistic users, this is constant and amplified. Many rely on digital products to navigate daily life. Yet most interfaces ignore them. So what happens? We design experiences that overwhelm the people who need them most. And if your product overwhelms autistic users, it’s exhausting everyone else. Here are 5 principles to get you started: 1. Consistent Structure Keep navigation, layout, and UI patterns identical across your entire product. Why: Sudden changes cause anxiety and disorientation. Example: Shopping cart stays in the top-right corner across every page. 2. Literal Communication Use plain, direct language. Skip idioms and metaphors. Why: Vague language requires guessing and creates confusion Example: "Your payment was declined. Check your card number and try again." 3. Sensory Calm Use muted, natural colours. Avoid pure black/white and bright contrasts. Why: Extreme contrast and bright colours cause sensory overload Example: Dashboard with soft beige background, dark grey text, and 3-4 clearly separated sections 4. User Control Default to sound off. Allow people to pause, stop, or disable animations. Why: Sensory needs vary greatly, and customization prevents overload. Example: Toggles for reduced motion, dark mode, font size, and autoplay off by default. 5. Predictable Interactions Provide clear feedback and progress indicators so users always know where they are. Why: Unexpected interruptions trigger anxiety and break focus. Example: Multi-step form shows "Step 2 of 4" with a progress bar, confirms "Your information was saved" after each step. Better design starts with understanding. 👇🏽What would you add to this list? 🔖 Save this for reference ♻️ Share it with your team ---- ✉️ Subscribe for more accessibility and design insights: https://lnkd.in/gZpAzWSu ---- Accessibility note: This infographic, titled Designing for Autism has the same content as the post. It also includes alt text.

Lyft knew they had a problem. Only 5.6% of its users are over 65, and those users are 57% more likely to miss the ride they ordered. So, Lyft created Silver – a special app version for seniors. But why create a separate app when these improvements would benefit all users? The curb-cut effect is real. Features designed for wheelchair users ended up helping parents with strollers, travelers with luggage, and delivery workers with carts. The features in Lyft's senior-friendly app wouldn't only benefit older riders: 💡The 1.4x larger font option? Great for bright sunlight, rough rides. 💡Simplified interface? Less cognitive load for all of us. 💡Live help operators? Great for anyone when there's a problem. 💡Select preference for easy entry/exit vehicles? Not everyone likes pickup trucks. What started as an accommodation should became a universal improvement. The most powerful insight? Designing for seniors forced Lyft to prioritize what truly matters: simplicity and ease of use. Will they leverage this for all their users? The next time someone suggests adding another button to your interface or feature to your product, consider this approach instead: sometimes the most innovative design is the one that works for everyone. Rather than creating separate "accessible" versions, what if we just built our core products to be usable by all? This is the paradox of inclusive design - what works better for some almost always works better for all. What "accessibility" feature have you encountered that actually made life better for all users? #UniversalDesign #ProductThinking #CustomerExperience

🙈🙊🙉 Inclusive Design = Better UX Did you know that over 1 billion people worldwide live with a disability? That is about 16% of the global population. 😱 Yet, 98% of websites still fail basic accessibility standards. Even more concerning, 68% of users with disabilities leave websites because of design barriers. Microsoft Inclusive Design https://lnkd.in/gxx_CXp9 💡 What is Inclusive Design? Inclusive design is a methodology that considers the full range of human diversity. Abilities, languages, cultures, genders, ages, and different life situations. It is not only about accessibility for people with disabilities. It is about creating better experiences for everyone. 🛠️ Examples of inclusive design in real life: 🚪 Automatic doors Originally created for wheelchair users. Now convenient for everyone. 📃 Subtitles Essential for deaf and hard of hearing users. Also useful in noisy places or when sound is off. 🎮 Xbox Adaptive Controller Designed for gamers with limited mobility. Fully customizable for many user needs. 🎯 Why does it matter? When we design for diverse needs, we build products that work for a wider audience. ✅ How to get started: 1️⃣ Explore Microsoft’s Inclusive Design toolkit https://lnkd.in/gxx_CXp9 2️⃣ Use accessibility checklists W3C Web Accessibility Guidelines https://lnkd.in/dAjpu_8R 3️⃣ Apply WCAG principles in your projects https://lnkd.in/dSVbFjXi 4️⃣ Involve users with different needs in your design process. Let’s design products that are accessible, inclusive, and useful for all. #InclusiveDesign #UXDesign #Accessibility #DesignForAll #MicrosoftDesign

Designing effective surveys is not just about asking questions. It is about understanding how people think, remember, decide, and respond. Cognitive science offers powerful models that help researchers structure surveys in ways that align with mental processes. The foundational work by Tourangeau and colleagues provides a four-stage model of the survey response process: comprehension, retrieval, judgment, and response selection. Each step introduces potential for cognitive error, especially when questions are ambiguous or memory is taxed. The CASM model -Cognitive Aspects of Survey Methodology- builds on this by treating survey responses as cognitive tasks. It incorporates working memory limits, motivational factors, and heuristics, emphasizing that poorly designed surveys increase error due to cognitive overload. Designers must recognize that the brain is a limited system and build accordingly Dual-process theory adds another important layer. People shift between fast, automatic responses (System 1) and slower, more effortful reasoning (System 2). Whether a user relies on one or the other depends heavily on question complexity, scale design, and contextual framing. Higher cognitive load often pushes users into heuristic-driven responses, undermining validity. The Elaboration Likelihood Model explains how people process survey content: either centrally (focused on argument quality) or peripherally (relying on surface cues). Users may answer based on the wording of the question, the branding of the survey, or even the visual aesthetics rather than the actual content unless design intentionally promotes central processing. Cognitive Load Theory offers tools for managing effort during survey completion. It distinguishes intrinsic load (task difficulty), extraneous load (poor design), and germane load (productive effort). Reducing the unnecessary load enhances both data quality and engagement. Attention models and eye-tracking reveal how layout and visual hierarchy shape where users focus or disengage. Surveys must guide attention without overwhelming it. Similarly, the models of satisficing vs. optimizing explain when people give thoughtful responses and when they default to good-enough answers because of fatigue, time pressure, or poor UX. Satisficing increases sharply in long, cognitively demanding surveys. The heuristics and biases framework from cognitive psychology rounds out this picture. Respondents fall prey to anchoring effects, recency bias, confirmation bias, and more. These are not user errors, but expected outcomes of how cognition operates. Addressing them through randomized response order and balanced framing reduces systematic error. Finally, modeling approaches like like cognitive interviewing, drift diffusion models, and item response theory allow researchers to identify hesitation points, weak items, and response biases. These tools refine and validate surveys far beyond surface-level fixes.

Design for everyone from day one What if accessibility was not something we “fix” later… but something we design from the very beginning? ♿ True inclusion starts before anyone asks for support. It starts when entrances are accessible, information is clear, digital platforms work with screen readers, and meetings include captions and transcripts. 🌍 Accessibility is not a favor. It is a right. 💡 It is not only about ramps and doors. It is about access to information, services, employment, education, leadership, and full participation. 🎧 When we provide captions, we include people who are deaf or hard of hearing. But we also support people in noisy spaces, multilingual teams, and anyone who learns better through text. 🖥️ When our websites are screen-reader friendly, we support blind users. But we also build better, clearer, and more human-centered digital experiences for everyone. 🚪 When inclusion is built into policies, spaces, and decisions… people with disabilities are no longer expected to adapt to broken systems. The system adapts to human diversity. ✨ Accessibility is not an extra service. It is respect from the start. #DisabilityInclusion #Accessibility #InclusiveDesign #DisabilityRights #InclusionMatters